试论ChatGPT对大学基础课教学的影响

THE INFLUENCE OF CHATGPT ON THE TEACHING OF BASIC COURSES IN UNIVERSITIES

随着人工智能技术的迅猛发展,ChatGPT(Chat-based Generative Pre-trained Transformer)在教育领域逐渐崭露头角。作为一种基于自然语言处理的人工智能工具,ChatGPT在大学基础课教学中具备发挥重要作用的潜力。本文尝试从教学本身的特性出发,结合大学基础课教学的特点,对ChatGPT在个性化学习支持、即时问题解答、学习资源和教学案例、批判思维和讨论,以及即时反馈等方面的积极影响进行了研究,发现ChatGPT能够提供优选的教学方案和步骤,预测学生学习中可能遇到的问题并能分析原因进行回答等。同时本文对ChatGPT对教学的负面效应与不足进行了分析,如缺乏人类情感和情绪理解能力,难以提供与学生建立情感连接和情绪支持的经验,也无法进行个性化教学等,而在教学过程中,教师的情感和情绪表达对于学生的学习和发展又是至关重要的。由此得出的初步结论是:ChatGPT的出现对大学基础课教学既有应用前景又具有挑战性,它对大学基础课教学特别是大学理科基础课教学的影响总体来说是积极的,但不利影响也不可轻视,特别是对文科基础课的教学影响更不能掉以轻心。我们需要把握好教学的本质和规律,尽量避免人工智能的某些不利影响和冲击;因势利导,借助ChatGPT的优势之处,使大学基础课的教学改革得到更快更好的发展。

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,ChatGPT(Chat based Generative Pre-trained Transformer)is gradually emerging in the field of education.As an artificial intelligence tool based on Natural language processing,ChatGPT has the potential to play an important role in college basic course teaching.This article attempts to study the positive impact of ChatGPT on personalized learning support,instant question answering,learning resources and teaching cases,critical thinking and discussion,as well as instant feed-back,based on the characteristics of teaching itself and the characteristics of university basic course teaching.It is found that ChatGPT provides optimal teaching plans and steps,predicts potential problems that students may encounter in learning,and can analyze the reasons for answering them;At the same time,the negative effects and shortcomings of ChatGPT on teaching were analyzed,such as a lack of human emotional and emotional understanding abili-ty,difficulty in providing experience in establishing emotional connections and support with students,and inability to conduct personalized teaching.In the teaching process,teachers'emotions and emotional expression are crucial for students'learning and development.The preliminary conclusion drawn from this is that the emergence of ChatGPT has both application prospects and challenges for the teaching of basic courses in universities.Its impact on the teaching of basic courses in universities,especially science courses,is generally positive,but its adverse effects cannot be underestimated,especially the teaching of basic courses in hu-manities.We need to grasp the essence and laws of teaching,and try to avoid certain adverse effects and impacts of artificial intelligence;By adapting to the situation and leveraging the ad-vantages of ChatGPT,the teaching reform of basic courses in universities has achieved faster and better development.