市售栉孔扇贝不同组织中微量元素的分布特征

Distribution characteristics of trace elements in different tissues of Chlamys farreri from markets

目的 了解市售栉孔扇贝不同组织的微量元素分布特征。方法 于各类市场、电商平台等渠道随机采集栉孔扇贝样品37份,采用微波消解-三重四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱法对栉孔扇贝性腺、消化腺、外套膜、鳃、闭壳肌中的27种元素进行分析,并对其微量元素分布特征进行探讨。结果 5个组织中Fe、Al、Zn、Sr、Cd等元素含量较高,其中Pb、Hg、Cr含量均低于相关限量要求,闭壳肌中的Cd均未超过限量要求。外套膜和鳃中Cd含量超过限量要求的比例较高,且各组织中总砷含量均超过了无机砷的限量要求。栉孔扇贝中元素富集具有较明显的相关性和差异性,且差异主要集中于Co、Ni、Hg、As、Se、V等元素。消化腺、鳃中元素富集水平相对较高。结论 市售栉孔扇贝不同组织的元素分布存在较明显的差异,对其污染物监测、膳食暴露风险评估、相关标准的制定和细化,以及相关制品重金属脱除等加工工艺优化工作中仍需关注不同组织间的元素富集和污染的差异性。

Objective This paper aims to investigate the distribution characteristics of trace elements in different tissues of Chlamys farreri from markets. Methods Thirty seven samples were collected randomly from various markets and e-commerce platforms. 27 elements in the gonad, digestive gland, mantle, gill and adductor muscle of samples were measured by microwave digestion-triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distribution characteristics of trace elements in the 5 tissues were discussed. Results In the 5 tissues, Fe, Al, Zn, Sr, Cd and other elements had relatively high contents. Contents of Pb, Hg, Cr in the 5 tissues and Cd in adductor muscle were all below the relevant limit values. Cd in mantle and gill were both exceeding the limit value at a high rate, and As in the 5 tissues were all exceeding the limit value of inorganic arsenic. The elemental enrichment in Chlamys farreri showed obvious correlation and difference. The distributional difference mainly focused on elements, such as Co, Ni, Hg, As, Se, V. Elements enrichment in digestive gland and gill was relatively high. Conclusion Distribution of trace elements in commercial Chlamys farreri samples shows obvious difference among different tissues. These characteristics should receive more attention in contamination monitoring, dietary exposure assessment, standard setting, standard refinement and optimization of processing technology, such as heavy metal removal of related products.