基于织物分子层面的电弧燃爆破坏机理

Damage Mechanism of Arc Ignition Based on Molecular Layer of Fabric

为探究电弧燃爆对织物的破坏机理,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对3种不同防电弧织物经电弧燃爆试验前后的分子红外光谱进行扫描绘制,利用元素分析仪对电弧作用前后的试样进行元素分析。结果表明:织物分子在不同入射能量的电弧作用下均发生热降解,主要表现为酰胺的N—H、酰胺键Ⅰ型羰基C=O和苯环上C—H化学键断裂,但不同织物热解程度不同;随着电弧燃爆入射能量的增加,织物中C元素含量呈递增趋势,而N和H元素基本保持不变。电弧燃爆过程破坏织物分子结构,造成分子中主要化学键断裂,同时发生碳化作用,引起C元素含量增大。

In order to explore the damage mechanism of arc ignition and explosion on fabrics, fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR) was used to scan and draw the molecular infrared spectra of three different kinds of anti-arc fabrics before and after arc ignition and explosion test, and element analyzer was used to analyze the samples before and after arc action. The results showed that the thermal degradation of the fabric molecules occurred under the arc action of different incident energies, which was mainly manifested as N—H of amide, Ⅰ carbonyl group C=O of amide bond and C—H chemical bond fracture of benzene ring, but the pyrolysis degree of different fabrics was different. With the increase of arc ignition and explosion incident energy, the content of C element increased, while the content of N and H elements remained unchanged. The arc explosion process destroyed the fabric molecular structure, caused the break of the main chemical bonds in the molecules, and also occured carbonization, resulting in the increase of the content of element C.