印度中学历史教育中的爱国主义教育

The Patriotism Education in Indian Middle School History Education

爱国主义教育是印度中学历史教育中的重要组成部分,自独立以来受到政府的高度重视。印度中学爱国主义教育的目标包含两个方面:重新肯定印度文明的世界地位,树立民族自豪感;推动各族群关系和谐发展,实现国家政治整合。20世纪90年代以后,随着印度教民族主义的兴起,世俗主义原则指导下的历史教育受到攻击,中学历史教育中的爱国主义教育也见证了世俗主义和教派主义之间的冲突,二者在如何定义爱国主义、谁是爱国主义者等问题上都存在明显的对立。这导致了中学历史教科书的编写和爱国主义教育的混乱。当前,莫迪领导的印度人民党政府正试图重写印度历史,修改历史教科书,引入以印度教民族主义为内核的爱国主义教育政策。

Patriotism education is an important part of Indian middle school history education,which has been highly emphasized by the government since its independence.The goals of patriotism education in Indian middle schools are two:re-affirming the status of Indian civilization in the world and building up national pride;promoting harmony among all ethnic groups and realizing political integration.In the 1990s,with the rise of Hindu nationalism,the secular history education in middle school was attacked.The patriotism education in middle school history education also witnessed the conflict between secularism and sectarianism,with obvious divisions between the two on how to define patriotism and who is a patriot.This led to the confusion in history textbook writing and patriotism education in middle schools.Currently,the Bharatiya Janata Party government is trying to rewrite Indian history,revise history textbooks and introduce a patriotism education with Hindu nationalism at its core.