一种含异形结构的汽车合装吊具设计与优化

Design and optimization on automobile assembly lifting tool with a kind of heteromorphic structure

为解决汽车合装吊具采用传统型材导致的自质量大、美观性欠佳及折弯处应力集中等问题,设计了一种以非均匀有理式B样条曲线(Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline,NURBS)为轮廓的异形吊臂结构。对吊臂结构进行用材分析,通过传统型材结构与异型结构的对比,提出一种以异型基本单元为结构主体的定制化设计流程。通过有限元分析软件对吊臂及吊具整体结构进行静力学分析,验证了结构设计的可行性;根据变密度法原理对吊臂结构进行轻量化设计,采用Inspire软件的OptiStruct求解器对其进行拓扑优化,得到3种轻量化结构方案并进行优选。综合考虑可能出现的复杂工况,对连接结构进行二次拓扑优化设计,得到最终结构优化方案,为机械装备的轻量化设计提供参考。

In order to solve the problems of high quality,lack of aesthetics and stress concentration at the bending place caused by the use of traditional profiles in the automobile assembly lifting tool.Heteromorphic structure has been designed with Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline(NURBS)curves as contours.After analyzing the materials used in the boom structure,a customized design process with a shaped basic unit as the main body of the structure was proposed by comparing traditional profile structures with heteromorphic structures.The overall structure of the boom and spreader was statically analyzed using ANSYS software and the feasibility was verified.According to the principle of the variable density method,the lightweight design of the boom structure will be carried out.The lifting tool was topologically optimized by using the OptiStruct solver of Inspire software.After the three light weighting scenarios have been derived,the optimal schemes were selected among these three scenarios.Complex working conditions are taken into account,the connection structure was designed to be optimized by means of a secondary topology.The final structural optimization scheme was obtained.It provides a reference for lightweight design of mechanical equipment.