2022年欧美对俄金融制裁与中俄金融合作新机遇

US and Western Sanctions on Russias Financial Sectors and New Opportunities for China-Russia Financial Cooperation

2022年欧美以乌克兰危机升级为由对俄发起九轮制裁,而其中针对俄金融领域的限制性措施对俄宏观经济稳定与发展影响最为深远。欧美对俄金融制裁主要通过限制俄大型商业银行国际结算与融资能力、冻结俄政府海外资产与融资渠道、对俄重点创汇行业施加贸易与投资禁令、打击俄金融基础设施等四大途径展开。全球经济复苏疲软拖累大宗商品需求、欧美央行货币政策大幅紧缩、欧盟对俄制裁态度转变等因素叠加放大了对俄金融制裁效果。制裁除引发俄金融市场剧烈震荡外,还加速推动人民币成为俄参与国际经贸合作和主权财富基金资产配置的重要替代币种。提升人民币资产份额、扩展人民币应用场景,既是俄强化与全球市场联系、避免被隔绝在全球贸易与金融体系之外的无奈之举,更是俄借助中国人民币国际化机遇,加速与中国金融资源对接,利用中国资本实现其经济复苏和经济转型目标的主动出击。未来中俄金融合作可围绕提升大宗商品本币化结算水平、加速双方跨境支付体系对接、在俄增设离岸人民币生息渠道、强化中俄政策性金融机构合作、在多边框架内构建以人民币为核心的区域货币体系等方面展开。

Europe and the US have initiated nine rounds of sanctions in 2022 due to the escalation of the Ukraine crisis.The financial sanction was aimed at limiting settlement and financing abilities of Russia's major business banks,freezing the overseas assets and financing channels of the Russian government,imposing trade and investment moratoria on Russia's key foreign money creating industries,striking Russia's financial infrastructure,etc.The sanctions not only resulted in dreadful shocks to Russia's financial markets but also promoted cooperation and asset allocation of its sovereign wealth funds.It is advisable for China-Russia financial cooperation to focus on the enhancement of settlement level of commodities with domestic moneys,expediate the interconnection of cross-border payment systems,set up interest creating channels of Renminbi in Russia,consolidate the cooperation of financial institutions of China and Russia,and build a regional monetary system in which Renminbi plays the central role.