清初文人书风对儒家美学的接受——以蒲松龄书风为中心

The Acceptance of Confucian Aesthetics in Literati Calligraphy in the Early Qing Dynasty:Centred on Pu Songling's Calligraphic Style

儒家审美意蕴影响了清代文人书法的审美取向,而随着清初社会矛盾的激化,出现“入世传承”和“出世异变”两种发展趋势。蒲松龄作为清初文人,其书风也深受清初儒家审美的影响。早期对蒲松龄的影响主要表现在实用的科考书写,后期科举失意,他开始对儒学书风审美进行思辨,从馆阁书风到有意无法的自然书写,正是其对“器”与“用”的辩证态度。

Confucian aesthetic implication influenced the aesthetic orientation of literati calligraphy in Qing Dynasty,and with the intensification of social contradictions in the early Qing Dynasty,there were two development trends:being an official and seclusion.As a scholar in the early Qing Dynasty,Pu's style of writing was also deeply influenced by Confucian aesthetics.In the early stage,Pu's influence was mainly manifested in practical scientific research writing,but in the later stage,he was frustrated in the imperial examination.Pu began to speculate on the aesthetics of Confucian calligraphy style,and it was Pu's dialectical attitude towards“utensils”and“uses”from the style of calligraphy in the museum to the natural writing that he could not intentionally do.