基于老年综合评估的老年女性营养不良患者营养状态和免疫功能干预的效果观察

Observation of nutritional status and immune function intervention effect of senile female patients with malnutrition based on senile comprehensive assessment

目的探讨以老年综合评估(CGA)为基础的多样化营养干预对老年营养不良女性患者营养状态和免疫功能影响。方法选取96例2021年9月—2023年2月丽水市中心医院营养不良老年女性住院患者,根据干预方法的不同将其分组,常规组48例接受常规治疗,优质组48例在常规组基础上接受基于CGA的多样化营养干预,比较两组营养不良筛选评分(MNA-SF)、营养状态、免疫功能及胃肠道不良反应总发生率。结果优质组干预后4周MNA-SF评分(12.05±2.76)分高于常规组(10.08±2.71)分,优质组干预后4周CD4^(+)(43.16±2.45)%、CD3^(+)(58.16±1.45)%、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)(1.45±0.16)均比常规组(48.92±2.62)%、(62.82±3.49)%及(1.98±0.20)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。优质组干预后4周血红蛋白(Hb)(118.95±21.62)g/L、血清总蛋白(TP)(32.91±5.62)g/L、血清白蛋白(AIb)(63.85±7.28)g/L、CD8^(+)(29.82±3.85)%均比常规组(104.62±15.66)g/L、(27.88±4.26)g/L、(58.66±5.04)g/L、(25.48±2.04)%高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胃肠道不良反应总发生率优质组(4.17%)低于常规组(20.83%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以CGA为基础的多样化营养干预,可有效提高TP、Alb等营养状态相关指标含量,纠正免疫失衡,且干预期间患者基本不会出现腹泻、腹胀等不良反应。

Objectivee To explore the effects of diversified nutritional interventions based on geriatric Comprehensive assessment(CGA)on nutritional status and immune function of elderly female patients with malnutrition.Methods A total of 96 elderly female patients with malnutrition in our hospital from September 2021 to February 2023 were selected and divided into groups according to different intervention methods.48 patients in the conventional group received conventional treatment,and 48 patients in the high-quality group received diversified nutrition intervention based on CAG on the basis of the conventional group.Malnutrition screening score(MST),nutritional status,immune function and the total incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The NBA-SF score at 4 weeks after intervention in the high quality group(12.052.76)points was higher than that in the conventional group(10.08±2.71)points.At 4 weeks afer intervention,CD4^(+)(43.16±2.45)%,CD3^(+)(58.16±1.45)%,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)(1.45±0.16)in quality group were lower than those in conventional group(48.92±2.62)%,(62.82±3.49)%,(1.98±0.20).P<0.05(statistical comparison was significant).After 4 weeks of intervention,hemoglobin(Hb)(118.95±21.62)g/L,serum total protein(TP)(32.91±5.62)g/L,serum albumin(AIb)(63.85±7.28)g/L,and CD8^(+)(29.82±3.85)%in high quality group were higher than those in conventional group(104.62±15.66)g/L,(27.88±4.26)g/L,(58.66±5.04)g/L,(25.48±2.04)%,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions in quality group(4.17%)was lower than that in conventional group(20.83%),P<0.05(statistically significant).Conclusion Diversified nutrition intervention based on CGA can effectively improve the contents of nutrient status related indicators such as TP and Alb,correct immune imbalance,and patients will not have diarrhea,abdominal distension and other adverse reactions during the intervention.