制冷剂快速泄漏过程中分体空调系统运行特性的实验研究

Experimental study on operating characteristics of split airconditioning system during rapid leakage of refrigerant

为了探究制冷系统的制冷剂在快速泄漏过程中,泄漏与运行之间的交互作用,搭建了能够监控制冷剂泄漏量的家用空调制冷系统泄漏实验台,并对泄漏过程中制冷系统的运行情况开展了实验.在泄漏点位于室内机侧、初始制冷剂充注量为920 g、初始泄漏速率变化为0.08~0.60 g/s时,随着泄漏过程的进行,压缩机排气温度不断上升,蒸发器入口温度、冷凝压力、蒸发压力、冷凝器出口过冷度以及压缩机功率不断下降.当制冷剂泄漏比例达到某一临界点时,上述运行参数会发生加速的情况.在制冷模式下,临界比例约为20%,热泵模式下约为15%.制冷剂的泄漏速度随时间逐渐减小,泄漏开始1 h后制冷和制热模式下的泄漏速度分别减小了55.7%和63.6%.

A test rig that could monitor and control the refrigerant leakage from a household air-conditioner was built to study the interaction between leakage and running in the rapid refrigerant leakage process of refrigeration system.Experiments were carried out to investigate the system operation during the leakage process.The leak point was located indoor,the initial refrigerant charge was 920 g,and the initial leakage rate was from 0.08 to 0.60 g/s.The discharge temperature of compressor continuously rose,while the condensing pressure,the evaporating pressure,the inlet temperature of evaporator,the subcooling at outlet of condenser,and the compressor power consumption continuously decreased as the leakage process went on.The change of the above operating parameters would speed up when a critical ratio of refrigerant leakage was reached.The critical ratio was about 20%in refrigeration mode,and the critical ratio was about 15%in heating mode.The leakage rate gradually decreased as time elapsed.The leakage rates would be decreased by 55.7%and 63.6%respectively under refrigeration and heating modes.