光调控在阿尔茨海默病治疗中的潜在应用

Potential Application of Photobiomodulation in The Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种与年龄相关、发病隐匿的神经退行性疾病,其发病进程缓慢,随时间推移不断恶化,患者最终出现严重的记忆障碍,丧失日常生活能力。但目前尚无安全有效的治疗方法。基于AD潜伏期长、病程久的特点,探索无创的物理治疗手段,对缓解疾病和保障患者生存质量具有重大的意义。光生物调节(photobiomodulation,PBM)是利用红光或近红外(near-infrared,NIR)光刺激已受伤、退化或有死亡危险的组织以愈合和再生的一种光疗类型。近20年来,PBM作为一种新的治疗方式,在镇痛、消炎和组织再生方面得到了广泛应用,在神经病学和精神病学领域也开展了广泛研究。本文对光生物调节在AD调控中的研究进行综述,特别针对近年来PBM在AD临床治疗中的应用研究进行了系统梳理和评估,为AD无创治疗技术的开发应用提供参考。

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a kind of age-related degenerative neurological disease with hidden onset.Patients eventually have severe memory impairment and lose daily living ability.With the aging of the global population,the number of AD patients is also increasing,resulting serious economic burden of family and society.However,there is lack of safety and effective treatment strategy for AD control except medicine administration.Based on the characteristics of long latency and duration of AD,exploring non-invasive physical therapy is of great significance to alleviate the disease and guarantee the quality of life of patients.Photobiomodulation(PBM)is a type of phototherapy,utilizing red or near-infrared(NIR)light to stimulate tissues that have been injured,degraded or at risk of death to heal and regenerate.In the past two decades,as a new treatment,PBM has been broadly used in analgesia,anti-inflammation and tissue regeneration,and simultaneously widely studied in neurology and psychiatry.More and more studies have confirmed that PBM could effectively delay the progression of AD by reducing neuronal DNA damage and microglial inflammatory response,improving synaptic function,and enhancing neuroprotective factors.In this paper,the research of PBM in AD regulation is reviewed,especially for the application of PBM in clinical treatment of AD in recent years,to provide reference for the development and application of non-invasive treatment of AD.