子女代际支持对农村空巢老人心理健康的影响——基于CHARLS2018年数据的分析

The Influence of Children’s Intergenerational Support on the Mental Health of Rural Empty Nesters--Based on CHARLS Data 2018

在人口老龄化和城镇化加速的背景下,青壮年劳动力的外流弱化了以子女同住为特点的农村家庭养老功能,农村空巢老人难以达成对传统老年生活“儿孙满堂,四世同堂”的美好期待,加剧抑郁、焦虑等消极情绪的出现。然而,目前学界就代际支持对老人心理健康的影响尚未达成一致,而农村空巢老人群体还面临着社会资源不足和代际支持不足的双重困境,更需要被关注。对此,本文采用中国健康与养老追踪调查2018年数据,对子女代际支持影响农村空巢老年人心理健康进行实证分析。多元线性回归模型显示,农村空巢老人心理健康与子女的经济支持和情感支持呈显著正相关,后者影响作用更大。然而,农村空巢老人心理健康与生活照料支持显著负相关,在控制健康状况后仍旧显著。

In the context of rapid population aging and urbanization,the exodus of young and middle-aged laborers has weakened the function of rural families that used to live with children,which makes it difficult for rural empty nesters to meet the good expectations of traditional old age,that is,living together with children and increases the emergence of negative emotions such as depression and anxiety.However,there is no consensus on the impact of intergenerational support on the psychological health of the elderly,and the group of rural empty nesters faces the double dilemma of insufficient social resources and intergenerational support,which needs more attention.In this regard,this paper uses the latest data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)2018 to empirically analyze the impact of intergenerational support on the psychological health of rural empty nesters.The multiple linear regression model showed that financial support and emotional support were significantly positively related to the psychological health of rural empty nesters,and the influence of emotional support was greater.However,the rural empty nesters’mental health is significantly negatively associated with life care support,which remains significant after controlling health status.