中国台湾地区“医疗事故预防及争议处理法”:述评与镜鉴

Comments and reference on Medical Accident Prevention and Dispute Settlement Act in Taiwan China

为应对医疗纠纷高发所带来的冲击和影响,多年以来不同国家和地区都在积极探索有效的解决之道。我国台湾地区2022年5月30日通过了“医疗事故预防及争议处理法”,确立了医疗事故即时关怀、医疗争议调解先行与医疗事故纠错预防等主要内容,成为岛内医疗纠纷非讼处理机制的重要里程碑。以这一专门立法为镜鉴,我国医疗纠纷防治法制,未来需要处理好《医疗纠纷预防和处理条例》与《医疗事故处理条例》两者之间的关系,可以采用“吸收合并”思路,将后者的相关内容改进整合于前者之中。同时,以患者诉求为中心,强化医疗纠纷处理中的诚意沟通机制,并在国家立法层面构建医疗纠纷第三方调解前置程序,从源头上强化非诉处理途径,以有效分解医疗纠纷诉讼压力,并增强“止纷息争”的实效。

In response to the challenge and impact from the high incidence of medical disputes,different coun-tries and regions have been actively exploring effective solutions.On May 30,2022,the Medical Accident Preven-tion and Dispute Settlement Act was passed in Taiwan China.This law establishes the main contents such as immediate care for medical accidents,ahead of medical dispute mediation,and correction and prevention for medical accidents,which has beenan important milestone of non-litigation settlement mechanism for medical disputes in Taiwan China.With reference to the legislative experience in Taiwan China,the other areas of our country need to properly handle the relation-ship between the Regulations on the Prevention and Handling of Medical Disputes and Regulations on the Handling of Medical Malpractice in the future.The idea of"merger by absorption"can be adopted to integrate part of the lat-ter into the former.At the same time,taking the patient as the center,we will strengthen the non-litigation han-dling channels from the source by enhancing the effective communication mechanism and establishing the pre-proce-dure for third-party mediation of medical disputes at the level of national legislation,so as to effectively alleviate the pressure of litigation and enhance the effectiveness of resolving medical disputes.