非法植入基因编辑胚胎罪的理解与适用探究

xploring the understanding and application of the crime of illegal implantation of gene-edited embryos

刑法学界就非法植入基因编辑胚胎行为入刑与否和入刑形式存在较大争议,因而《刑法修正案(十一)》介入,将该行为正式纳入刑法规制范围。试以剖析非法植入基因编辑胚胎罪关于基因安全这一新型法益的保护立场,剖判其“抽象危险犯”的性质,认为该罪行为对象应指向生殖细胞基因编辑技术及扩大到生殖细胞范围的胚胎概念、行为方式应包括两种植入行为、“情节严重”及“情节特别严重”应考虑行为次数、受试者损害程度、胎儿是否娩出等三方面情形,以期为该罪的理解与适用提供思路。

The criminal law academic community has a large controversy about the criminalization of illegal implantation of gene-edited embryos and the form of criminalization,so the Amendment to the Criminal Law(XI)intervenes to formally include this behavior into the scope of criminal law.This article intended to analyze the position of the crime of illegal implantation of gene-edited embryos on the protection of the new legal interest of genetic safety,and to analyze the nature of the"abstract dangerous crime".We believe that the crime should be directed at the germ cell gene editing technology and the concept of embryo,which extends to the germ cell range;the act should include two types of implantation;and the"aggravating circumstances"and"particularly aggravating circum-stances"should take into account the number of acts,the degree of damage to the subject,and whether the fetus is delivered.