摘要
Fundamental particles in nature can be classified as bosons or fermions,which satisfy their correspondent statistics.However,quasiparticles of condensed matter physics may be neither bosons nor fermions,but can be named as anyons satisfying a generalized statistics.These anyons can be related with topological phases of matter.Interestingly,anyons can be used to encode qubits to perform quantum computations with specific advantages in which the corresponding qubits are naturally fault tolerant due to topological protection.[1,2]This approach is called topological quantum computation.However,its implementation based on natural systems still seems far from realization.
作者
范桁
Heng Fan(Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Hefei National Laboratory,Hefei 230088,China)