养老机构老年人迁移应激评估量表的编制及信效度检验

Development and test of reliability and validity of relocation stress assessment scale for the elderly in elderly nursing homes

目的编制养老机构老年人迁移应激评估量表并检验其信效度。方法以应激系统模型为理论基础,通过文献回顾、质性访谈、德尔菲专家咨询和预调查形成养老机构老年人迁移应激评估初始量表。便利选取2022年3-6月广州市某公立养老机构4所护养中心的556例老年人对初始量表进行项目分析、探索性因子分析和信效度检验。结果最终版量表包括迁移事件、认知评价、人格特征、应对方式、社会支持、心身反应6个维度,共29个条目。探索性因子分析共提取6个因子,方差累积贡献率为64.465%。验证性因子分析模型拟合良好:卡方自由度比值(χ^(2)/DF)=1.121,近似误差均方根(RMSEA)=0.022,比较拟合指数(CFI)=0.987,拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.907,调整拟合优度指数(AGFI)=0.887;效标关联效度为0.769。量表Cronbach’sα系数为0.905,折半信度系数为0.885,2周后重测信度系数为0.943。结论量表具有良好的信效度,可作为我国养老机构老年人迁移应激测评的工具。

Objective To develop the relocation stress assessment scale for the elderly in elderly nursing homes and test its reliability and validity.Methods Based on the stress system model,the initial scale of relocation stress assessment for the elderly in elderly nursing homes was formed through literature review,qualitative interview,Delphi expert consultation and pre-investigation.From March to June 2022,a total of 556 elderly people from four nursing centers of a public elderly nursing institution in Guangzhou were conveniently selected for item analysis,exploratory factor analysis,reliability and validity test of the initial scale.Results Six dimensions were included in the final version of the scale,including relocation events,cognitive evaluation,personality characteristics,coping styles,social support,and psychosomatic reactions,with a total of 29 items.A total of six factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate of variance was 64.465%.The confirmatory factor analysis model fitted well:χ^(2)/DF=1.121,RMSEA=0.022,CFI=0.987,GFI=0.907,AGFI=0.887;the criterion related validity was 0.769.The Cronbach’sαcoefficient of the scale was 0.905,the half reliability coefficient was 0.885,and the test-retest reliability coefficient after two weeks was 0.943.Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity which could be used to evaluate the relocation stress of the elderly in elderly nursing homes in China.