“父子有亲”文化背景下中国传统技艺传承性创新的动力机制研究

Impact Factors of Novice Entrepreneurs on Appointing CTOs:Based on Optimal Distinctiveness Theory

在家文化背景下,“父子有亲”的伦理规则在中国传统技艺传承性创新实践中表现出内生性的代际推动力。本文在调研汾酒酿造技艺传承的基础上,以纪录片《千城百匠》中种类丰富的传统技艺传承事例为研究对象,试图揭示驱动知识传承性创新活动的内生动力。研究发现,“父慈子孝”的代际交往产生了知识传授与继承的个人意愿;“父严子顺”的代际关系之道有利于技艺性知识的传授与吸收;由“父子有亲”所形成的传承性动力有利于促进技艺知识继承性创新。进一步发现,随着个人身份从子辈到父辈的转变,父与子、师与徒的代际关系交往活动推动了传统技艺传承;在代际关系身份维持过程中,代际关系交往带动了新想法产生、接受与创造转化,推动了技艺传承性创新。研究表明,在“父子有亲”文化背景下,父子间或师徒间的代际交往塑造了中国传统技艺传承性创新模式。

In today’s uncertain and changing practice,organizational innovative action has increasingly become one of the main means to support the development of firms.Indeed,firms’knowledge inheritance is an important part of organizational innovation practice.In spite of this,tacit knowledge transfer is rooted in the daily relations of enterprises,that is hidden in the daily individual expe-rience and interactive relational rules.As an important form of traditional cultural inheritance,the practice of Chinese traditional skills is widely existing in the daily intergenerational interaction processes.A generation of persons are not only the inheritors of technical knowledge,but also the initiators of technical knowledge.Thus,Chinese traditional ethical rules provide the endogenous force to drive intergenerational interaction for the inheritance of tradition-al skills.With the time sequence change of the promotion of intergenerational relations under the background of Chinese family culture,the family ethical rule of“father-son pro-relation”shows endogenous intergenerational driving force in the inheritance innovation of Chinese traditional skills,which is essentially guide to a natural emotional revelation.However,there is a lack of in-depth research in current literature,that is based on the endogenous dynamic mechanism of traditional skills inheritance innovation.To this end,this paper is based on the investigation into the inheritance of Fenjiu brewing skills,and it takes the rich traditional skills inheritance cases in the documentary of“Qiancheng Baijiang”as the research object.This study has adopted the narrative method to explore the daily organizational mechanism of“father-son pro-relation”,that is to uncover the inheritance innovative processes of Chi-nese traditional skills.First,it is found that the intergenerational interaction of“Fuci Zixiao”may produce the willingness of knowledge teaching and inheritance.Second,the intergenerational relationship of“Fuyan Zishun”can be conducive to imparting and absorption of technical knowledge.Third,the inheritance motivation would be formed by“father-son pro-relation”,which can promote the inheritable innovation of skills.At last,it is further found that the transition of personal identity from children to parents also promotes the inheritance of skills in the intergenerational relationship between the father and the son,or in the intergenerational relationship between the master and the appren-tice.In the processes of maintaining the social identity of intergenerational relationship,the intergenerational interactions can drive the creation of some ideas,and the acceptance and transformation of the new ideas.Meanwhile,the intergenerational interactions might also promote the inheritance innovation of traditional skills.In short,the findings show that under the ethical rule of“father-son pro-relation”,the intergenerational interactions between the father and the son,and between the master and the apprentice have shaped the inheritance innovation mode of Chinese traditional skills,that are passed down from the generation to the generation.The main contributions of this study are as follows.Firstly,this study is based on the local logic of Chinese traditional culture,and the findings have revealed the intergenerational interaction behavior meaning on the family ethics of“father-son pro-relation”.On the one hand,there may exist the maintenance of intergenerational relational identity between the father and the son,and the maintenance of intergenerational relational identity between the master and the apprentice in Chinese daily life,which can put forward the way of rela-tionship which fits the“differential patterns”of the acquaintance society.On the other hand,from the way of being a human inherited from the generation to the generation,this paper also furtherly expands the current literature on the motivation of the intergenerational interaction in the everyday organizational actions,which is rooted in the value rule.Secondly,by the way of the organizational intergenerational interaction of“father-son pro-relation”,this study has combined the inheri-tance of tacit knowledge with the innovation activities,at the same time,and furtherly analyzed the tacit knowledge inheritance principle of the traditional skills at the micro level of interpersonal emotional behaviors.Therefore,the findings may expand the current knowl-edge management theories on the research focusing on the explicit of tacit knowledge,and also enrich the current tacit knowledge man-agement theories based on the maintenance of relational status.Thirdly,this finding has proposed the intergenerational interaction model of Chinese traditional skills inheritance innovation,which can integrate the generation and utilization of skilled knowledge,and the value creation of skilled knowledge into the familial ethical rule of“father-son pro-relation”.Thus,the finding has expanded and gone beyond the perspective of related innovation research that is based on value logic,at the same time,it has provided a new point of view for the future research on organizational innovation management.With regard to the practice of enterprise knowledge management today,this study has given some far-reaching strategic guiding signifi-cance.First,the enterprises should strengthen the traditional moral ethics of maintaining mentoring relationship identity in the future.On the one hand,the enterprises’managers should encourage experienced parental employees to set an example of how to behave for next generational ones.That is,“To be an elder should act like an elder”.The last generational employees may not only be ought to provide the empirical guidance to the young employees in work,and give some support to them in heart,but also be ought to take care of their life.On the other hand,the young employees should learn to recognize that they are responsible to respect their fatherhood or their tutors.That is,“To be juniors like juniors”.The young employees should be supposed to take the initiative to communicate with their fatherhood or their tutors,for example,they may always maintain a humble learning attitude,and listen to the edification from their fatherhood or their tutors,meanwhile,they could seek the innovative practices with the time-going in the daily work.Second,in the modern enterpris-es,their leaders and managers should advocate the family culture in the workplaces,such as,the leaders could frequently pay equal at-tention to learning modern knowledge and acquiring etiquette rules,and the managers should often create the good ethical atmosphere of“father-son pro-relation”.Third,in modern enterprises,the managers should attach importance to the intergenerational ethics of“father-son pro-relation”,in order to shape the knowledge inheritance innovation activities and promote the value creation of new knowledge.