基于SAP84软件对地铁车站主体结构的内力分析

Internal force analysis of main structure of a metro station based on SAP84 software

依托哈尔滨市某地铁车站,应用SAP84有限元软件对地铁车站框架主体结构内力进行分析,详细阐述几何模型建立、单元类型及划分、抗力的考虑方法和边界条件的施加以及计算分析等。给出3种组合情况下的内力图,并选取最不利荷载,以地铁车站顶板为例,对基本组合、人防组合、地震组合3种情况进行内力计算,完成配筋设计(计算过程略),确定出顶板的配筋方案,得出其基本组合为控制组合,人防组合和地震组合为非控制组合的结论。地铁车站长宽比较大,端墙对结构内力影响较小,采取二维分析能够反映结构的实际受力情况。底板和侧墙土层弹性抗力采用土弹簧模拟,符合弹性地基梁的计算理论,能反映实际的抗力数值和分布,因此,采用SAP84有限元软件对地铁车站主体结构的内力分析方法可行,可以减少设计人员的计算工作量。

Based on a metro station in Harbin,this paper uses SAP84 finite element software to analyze and calculate the internal force of the main structure of the metro station frame,and elaborates the establishment of geometric model,unit types and division,the consideration method of resistance force,the infliction of boundary conditions and calculation analysis and so on.This paper also includes the internal force diagrams of three combination cases,takes the most unfavorable load,selects the top plate of metro station as an example,calculates the internal forces of fundamental combination,civil air defense combination and seismic combination,then completes the reinforcing bars design(omit calcutation procedure),determines the reinforcing bars project of the top plate.The conclusion is that the fundamental combination is control combination,civil air defense combination and seismic combination are uncontrolled combination.Because the length and width of the metro station are relatively large,and the end wall has less influence on the internal force of the structure.Two-dimensional analysis can basically reflect the actual stress condition of the structure.Base plate and elastic resistance force of side wall soil layer adopt soil spring simulation,which conforms to the calculation theory of elastic grade beam and can reflect the actual resistance force numerical value and distribution.Therefore,it is feasible to use SAP84 finite element software to analyze the internal force of the main structure of the metro station,which can reduce the calculation workload the designer.