海外华文/华裔文学:多种离散语境中命运共同体的寻求和表达

Literatures in Chinese/Literatures by Writers of Chinese Origin:the Seeking for and Expressing of the Community of Destiny in the Multiple Dispersed Contexts

文学与命运共同体作为创作实践的课题,华文/华裔文学提供了极好的研究对象。命运共同体和离开家园迁徙、流落的经历密切关联,而族群、个体“背井离乡”状况不同和所处离散环境相异,产生多样的命运共同体认知:离散族群命运共同体、超越族群(政治文化)的命运共同体、人类命运共同体,等等。华文/华裔文学的历史表明,这些命运共同体的核心,是作为“精神共同体”的文化、伦理道德价值认同的扩展,而人类命运共同体意味着历史渊源、现实利益和未来愿景上有了人类生存的价值认同。华文/华裔文学的区域国别种族文化属性和他族文化相遇、对话,由此生发的中华文化的传播和(人类)命运共同体建构的互动也有着多种形态;不同族群文化核心价值(精华)的对话,影响了人类命运共同体的构建,而离散语境摆脱了现实政治文化、体制对中华传统文化的负面制约,由此建构的人类命运共同体让“中华”融入了世界,也影响了世界。而这些互动不乏历史曲折,映射出华文/华裔文学的价值所在。在文学文本的淘洗中展开多种离散语境中(人类)命运共同体的研究,会成为华文/华裔文学经典性累积的一种进程。

With literature and community of destiny as the subjects for creative practice,literatures in Chinese/literatures by writers of Chinese origin have provided excellent objects for research.While community of destiny is closely related to the experience of migration and displacement from home,the kind of situation in which ethnic groups and individuals differ from each other in their moving away from their homeland and in their circumstances of dispersal creates cognition based on a variety of communities of destiny,such as community of destiny of dispersed ethnic groups,community of destiny that transcends ethnic groups(political and cultural)and human community of destiny.The history of literatures in Chinese/literatures by writers of Chinese origin shows that the core of these communities of destiny is an expansion of the culture,ethics and value identification as part of the community of spirit while the human community of destiny means the value identification of human survival in relation to historical origins,real interests and future vision.When the properties of regions,nations,races and cultures of literatures in Chinese/literatures by writers of Chinese origin meet or dialogue with cultures of other races,the interaction that ensues between the transmission of Chinese culture and the construction of(human)community of destiny is also of multiple forms as the dialogue about(the essence of)core values of different ethnic cultures influences the construction of human community of destiny while the dispersal context has ridden itself of the negative restrictions on traditional Chinese culture by real political culture and system,thus constructing a human community of destiny that helps Chinese integrate with the world and influencing the world,too.All these interactions have no lack of tortuous histories,reflecting where the value of literatures in Chinese/literatures by writers of Chinese origin lies.When studies are made of(human)community of destiny in dispersed contexts in the panning of literary texts,they may become a progressive process in the classic accumulation of literatures in Chinese/literatures by writers of Chinese origin.