美国关键性矿产战略与政策演进研究——对我国矿产资源保供的启示

Research on the Evolution of Critical Mineral Strategies and Policies in the United States——Enlightenment on China's Mineral Resources Security

文章梳理了美国关键矿产目录清单制定、关键矿产战略与政策演进过程,总结了美国关键矿产战略精细化发展的目录清单研究阶段、供应链风险研究阶段、建立矿业联盟阶段三个阶段。基于以上分析,结合当前我国战略性矿产保供存在的不足,从建立战略性矿产定量化动态评价体系、加强战略性优势矿产的冶炼加工能力、多措并举稳定海外供应链等三个方面提出加强我国矿产资源保供的建议。

This paper reviews the formulation of the critical mineral inventory list and the development process of the critical mineral strategies and policies in the United States,and summarizes three stages:the research stage of the inventory list,the research stage of supply chain risk and the establishment of mining alliance.Based on the above analysis,combined with the current shortage of strategic mineral supply security in China,the paper puts forward suggestions on strengthening the supply security of China's mineral resources from three aspects:establishing the quantitative and dynamic evaluation system of strategic mineral resources,strengthening the smelting and processing capacity of strategic superior mineral resources,and taking multiple measures to stabilize the overseas supply chain.