不同水域短颌鲚肠道菌群差异分析

Analysis of intestinal microbial diversity of shortjaw tapertail anchovy Coilia brachygnathus in different waters

为分析鱼类肠道菌群在不同水域环境中的变化,利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析了鄱阳湖和青草沙水库大、小2种规格(体质量分别为100~130 g、10~30 g)短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus)(分别记为PYH-L、PYH-S、QCS-L和QCS-S)肠道菌群组成及多样性。结果表明:QCS-L和QCS-S肠道菌群平均OTU分别为524和472个,PYH-L、PYH-S肠道菌群平均OTU分别为466和567个;QCS-L肠道菌群Shannon和Simpson多样性指数均比PYH-L的高,而QCS-S肠道菌群的Shannon和Simpson指数则比PYH-S的低;在不同水域短颌鲚肠道中,每个门类的细菌丰度差异较大,在属水平上伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia)为差异性最大的菌群。研究表明,短颌鲚在不同水域中肠道菌群多样性和丰度的明显差异,极有可能是两地短颌鲚生活史、食性转变和水环境差异造成的。

In order to evaluate the intestinal microorganisms of fishes in different waters,the intestinal microbial composition and diversity were analyzed in whole intestinal samples of large and small with body 2 sizes of shortjaw tapertail anchovy Coilia brachygnathus weight of 100-130 g and 10-30 g,respectively,collected in Poyang Lake(PYH-L and PYH-S)(116°09′46″-116°10′03″E,29°38′48″-29°40′06″N),Jiangxi Province and Qingcaosha Reservoir(QCS-L and QCS-S)(121°34′34″-121°37′17″E,31°26′40″-31°28′39″N)of the Yangtze Estuary,on late November of 2021 by 16S rRNA using high throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that there was average intestinal microbial composition OTU of 524(large size)and 472(small size)in Qingcaosha Reservoir and 466(large size)and 567(small size)in Poyang Lake.There were higher Shannon and Simpson indices in intestinal microbial diversity in QCS-L than PYH-L,while the lower Shannon and Simpson indices QCS-S were than PYH-S.The abundance of bacteria in the intestines of shortjaw tapertail anchovy was varied greatly in different waters for each phylum,with the most diverse microbial group of Burkholderia at genus level.The findings indicated that there were obvious differences in intestinal microbial diversity and abundance of shortjaw tapertail anchovy in different waters,which were most likely due to differences in their life histories,feeding transferance and environments of shortjaw tapertail anchovy.