基于SSR标记的100份国内外小麦种质遗传多样性分析及DNA指纹图谱构建

DNA Fingerprint Constriction and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wheat Germplasms from Internal and Foreign Countries Based on SSR Marker

为了分析国内外引进小麦种质资源遗传多样性,揭示不同种质间的亲缘关系,促进小麦种质的有效利用及保护,本研究以引进的100份国内外小麦种质为材料,利用SSR分子标记进行分子检测,分析供试材料的遗传多样性并构建其DNA指纹图谱。结果表明,利用筛选出的23对SSR引物对100份小麦种质扩增,共获得235个基因位点,其中多态性位点232个,占比达到98.72%。SSR引物检测位点介于6~18个之间,平均等位位点数为10.09个,SSR引物有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性指数和Shannon’s信息指数分别平均为1.35、0.22和0.36。不同小麦种质间的遗传相似系数变幅在0.56~0.96之间,平均为0.73。基于Nei’s遗传相似系数,100份小麦种质可被划分为6类,其中第Ⅵ类群包含的小麦种质数目最多,占到种质总数的62%。同时利用多态性比较丰富的5对SSR引物构建了供试小麦种质DNA指纹图谱。本研究结果可为小麦种质资源的科学利用及有效保护提供一定依据。

In order to analyze the genetic diversity of wheat germplasm resources introduced from home and abroad,reveal the genetic relationship between them,and promote the effective utilization and protection of them,the genetic diversity of 100 wheat germplasms were analyzed,and their DNA fingerprint was constructed.The results showed that total of 235 alleles was obtained from the 100 germplasms after amplified using 23 pairs of SSR primers,of which,232 alleles were polymorphic ones with the proportion as 98.72%.The number of allele amplified by one pair of SSR primers varied from 6 to 18 with the mean of 10.09.The mean values of the number of effective alleles,Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient and Shannon’s information index were 1.35,0.22 and 0.36,respectively.The genetic similarity coefficient between the wheat germplasms varied from 0.56 to 0.96 with an average value of 0.73.Based on the Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient,the 100 wheat germplasms could be divided into six groups.Of which,groupⅥcontained the largest number of wheat germplasms,accounting for 62%of the total number.In addition,the DNA fingerprints of the 100 wheat germplasms were constructed using 5 pairs of SSR primers with the most abundant polymorphism.These results would provide useful information for scientific utilization and effective protection of wheat germplasm resources.