锌锰硼配施对雪茄烟叶矿质元素含量及其干物质积累的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Zinc,Manganese and Boron on Mineral Elements Contents and Dry Matter Accumulation of Cigar Leaves

为探究锌锰硼配施对雪茄烟叶矿质元素含量变化及其与干物质积累间的关系,本试验以德雪1号为试材,设置叶面喷施7.5 g ZnSO_(4)+10 g MnSO_(4)+7.5 g硼砂(T1,666.7m^(2)用量,下同)、10 g ZnSO_(4)+10 g MnSO_(4)+7.5 g硼砂(T2)、10 g ZnSO_(4)+15 g MnSO_(4)+10 g硼砂(T3)、15 g ZnSO_(4)+15 g MnSO_(4)+10 g硼砂(T4)和清水(CK)共5个处理,研究其对雪茄烟矿质元素含量动态变化和干物质积累的影响,并分析全生育期内烟叶矿质元素间及其与干物质积累间的相关性。结果表明,生育期内,随着锌锰硼配施量的增加,雪茄烟叶Fe含量呈先降低后升高再降低趋势,其余10种元素含量和干物质积累量均呈先增加后降低趋势,尤以T2处理含量最佳,干物质积累量最大。随生育进程,不同处理叶片P、Ca、Zn、Fe含量先升后降,N、Na含量先降后升;K含量总体呈下降趋势,而Mg含量呈先升后降再升高并趋于平稳变化趋势;生育期内Cu、Mn、B含量呈波浪状变化。叶片中N与P、K元素间存在协同增效机制,Ca、Mn元素可促进Mg、Zn、B、Na的吸收;而Fe与Ca、Zn、Mn及B与Cu、Fe间存在拮抗作用。全生育期内叶片中P、Mg、Mn、Na含量与干物质积累量间存在显著或极显著正相关。综合来看,锌锰硼肥配施可促进雪茄烟叶矿质元素的吸收和积累,提高烟株干物质积累量,666.7m^(2)以10 g ZnSO_(4)+10 g MnSO_(4)+7.5 g硼砂配施效果最好。

This research was aimed to explore the change of mineral elements contents and their relationships with dry matter accumulation in cigar leaves after combined application of zinc,manganese and boron.Taking the variety Dexue 1 as test material,foliar application of 7.5 g ZnSO_(4)+10 g MnSO_(4)+7.5 g Borax(T1),10 g ZnSO_(4)+10 g MnSO_(4)+7.5 g Borax(T2),10 g ZnSO_(4)+15 g MnSO_(4)+10 g Borax(T3),15 g ZnSO_(4)+15 g MnSO_(4)+10 g Borax(T4)per 666.7m^(2)and water(CK)were set to study their effects on dynamic change of mineral elements contents and dry matter accumulation in cigar leaves.The correlations between mineral elements and dry matter accumulation in cigar leaves during the whole growth period were also analyzed.The results showed that in the growth period,with the increase of application rate of zinc,manganese and boron,the Fe content in cigar leaves firstly decreased,then increased,and then decreased;the contents of other 10 elements and dry matter accumulation increased firstly and then decreased;the T2 treatment was the best with higher elements contents and the largest dry matter accumulation.With the extend of development period,the contents of P,Ca,Zn and Fe in leaves under different treatments increased first and then decreased,while the contents of N and Na decreased first and then increased;the content of K generally showed a downward trend,while the content of Mg firstly increased,then decreased,and then increased;the contents of Cu,Mn and B changed in wave pattern during the growth period.There were synergistic interaction between N and P and K elements in leaves;Ca and Mn could promote the absorption of Mg,Zn,B and Na;however,there was antagonism between Fe and Ca,Zn and Mn,and B and Cu and Fe.There were significantly or extremely significantly positive correlations between the contents of P,Mg,Mn and Na and dry matter accumulation in leaves during the growth period.On the whole,the combined application of zinc,manganese and boron fertilizers could promote the absorption and accumulation of mineral elements in cigar leaves,and increase the dry matter accumulation of cigar plants;the combination of 10 g ZnSO_(4)+10 g MnSO_(4)+7.5 g Borax(T2)had the best effect.