词体虚构与“面具美学”表达——论李清照词之隐喻

Fiction of Ci and Expression of“Mask Aesthetics”––On the Metaphor of Li Qingzhao’s Ci

“词”,作为表演性文体,其虚构性较诗更甚。中国文学阐释惯例对男性诗词倾向于从“政治隐喻”进行解读,对女性诗词则认为是其“内在心声”的真实表达。这不仅造成对女性文人的“误读”,也是对她们创作技巧的偏见。人们对中国文学史经典女性词人李清照作品的解读惯于将其词作与其本人经历进行比附,忽略了她在创作时使用“隐喻”修辞的可能性。实际上,易安词作“隐喻”之例证遍布全集,属“面具美学”式的表达方式,读者应将其词作抒情主人公与其生平予以剥离式解读。

Ci,as a performing style,is more fictional than poetry.The interpretation convention of Chinese literature is to interpret male poems from the perspective of“political metaphor”,while female poems are regarded as the true expression of their“inner voice”.This not only causes the“misreading”of female writers,but also prejudice against their creative skills.As a classical female poet in the history of Chinese literature,Li Qingzhao is often compared with her own experience in the interpretation of her works,and the possibility of her using“metaphor”rhetoric in the creation is ignored.In fact,the examples of Yi An’s Ci as“metaphors”are all over her whole works,which belong to the expression mode of“mask aesthetics”.Readers should interpret her Ci works as lyrical heroes and separate it from her life.