电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法在快速筛查和测定涉刑重金属废水方面的应用

Research on the Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy in Rapid Screening and Detection of Crime-involved Heavy Metal Wastewater

2016年12月公布的《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理环境污染刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》,进一步加大了对生态环境的司法保护力度。该司法解释明确了18种“严重污染环境”情形并细化了重金属污染环境的入罪标准。涉刑重金属分析任务重、时间紧、样品成分复杂,而电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法具有较高的灵敏度和较低的检出限,能满足快速筛查和分析涉刑重金属任务的要求。基于此,文章采用微波消解前处理,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法快速筛查和测定重金属废水中铅、镉、铬、砷、锑、镍、铜、锌、银、钒、锰、钴等12种涉刑金属元素总量。测试结果表明,轴向观测测定的元素线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9990,相对标准偏差为0.19%~2.9%,加标回收率93.5%~109%,能准确测定盲样。

The Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Handling Criminal Cases of Environmental Pollution,issued in December 2016,has further strengthened the judicial protection of the ecological environment.This judicial interpretation clarifies 18 types of“serious environmental pollution”and the incriminate standards for heavy metal pollution of the environment.In this context,the task of identifying heavy metal related to criminal cases is heavy,time is pressed,and the composition of the samples is complex.However,inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy has high sensitivity and low detection limit,which can meet the requirements of rapid screening and analysis.Based on this,the article adopts microwave digestion pre-treatment and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy for rapid screening and detection of the total amount of 12 crime-involved elements in heavy metal wastewater,including lead,cadmium,chromium,arsenic,antimony,nickel,copper,zinc,silver,vanadium,manganese,and cobalt.Research findings show that the linear relationship between the elements measured by axial observation is good,with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9990,relative standard deviation of 0.19%~2.9%,and spiked recovery rate of 93.5%~109%,which indicates that the proposed method can accurately screen blind samples.