柳州市某金属冶炼厂遗留用地地下水重金属污染分析与健康风险评价

Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Groundwater of a Metal Smelting Plant in Liuzhou

对柳州市某金属冶炼厂遗留用地地下水进行样品采集,并对样品中的重金属进行样品分析、检测各元素浓度,最终通过样品数据探究该区域内地下水重金属污染特征并对其开展健康风险评价工作。结果表明:(1)长期的重金属冶炼导致地下水中重金属积累,导致地下水重金属出现不同程度污染且分布不均匀;(2)场地内各监测点样品内梅罗污染指数法分析后除汞、铅外各项重金属均为重度污染;(3)对场地内15个采样点位进行模糊数学分析得出场地内80%地下水达到了地下水Ⅴ类水质标准,污染较为严重;(4)在Arcgis插值分析中,场地内地下水除汞元素外,其余元素均有一定的超标现象,且污染状况大致呈现以中部为中心向四周扩散、西低东高的分布特征;(5)健康风险评价中的经口摄入、皮肤接触途径中砷、镉元素存在一定的致癌风险且大部分风险属人体不可接受。

In this paper,the groundwater samples of a metal smelter in Liuzhou were collected,and the heavy metals in the samples were analyzed and the concentrations of each element were detected.Finally,the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in groundwater in the region were explored and the health risk assessment was carried out.The results show that:(1)Long-term heavy metal smelting leads to heavy metal accumulation in groundwater,resulting in varying degrees of pollution and uneven distribution of heavy metals in groundwater;(2)The heavy metals except mercury and lead in the samples of each monitoring point in the site were heavily polluted after the analysis of Nemerow pollution index.(3)The fuzzy mathematics analysis of 15 sampling points in the site shows that 80%of the groundwater in the site meets the groundwater quality standard of Class V,and the pollution is serious;(4)In the Arcgis interpolation analysis,in addition to mercury elements,groundwater in the site has a certain phenomenon of exceeding the standard,and the pollution status generally shows the distribution characteristics of diffusion from the center to the periphery,low in the west and high in the east;(5)There are certain carcinogenic risks of arsenic and cadmium in oral intake and skin contact pathways in health risk assessment,and most of the risks are unacceptable to the human body.