基于多源异构数据的少资料尾矿库溃坝三维模型重建

3D model rebuilding method for dam failure of tailing reservoir with few data based on multi-source heterogeneous data

对偏远、闭库或缺少管理的少资料地区尾矿库进行溃坝前后的数值模拟和三维虚拟仿真,需要根据已有的低精度、少序列、多源异构数据重建三维模型。提出一种基于多源异构数据的少资料尾矿库溃坝前后三维模型快速重建方法,通过总结尾矿库溃坝前后特征,融合分析尾矿库的无人机、卫星、GNSS测量、图纸、洪痕等多源数据,利用样条函数插值方法,实现溃决尾矿库的坝体、库区和下游淹没影响区部分三维模型精细化重建,并以2008年山西襄汾尾矿库溃决事件为例,重建了襄汾尾矿库溃坝前后的地形、坝体、库区和下游影响区的三维模型。结果表明:该方法所建模型精度满足数值计算的需求,可为后续的分析计算和可视化仿真应用提供三维模型基础。

In response to the needs of numerical simulation and 3D virtual simulation of tailing reservoirs with few data before and after dam failure in remote,closed or poorly managed areas,it is necessary to rebuild 3D model based on the existing low-precision,few-sequence,multi-source heterogeneous data.This paper proposed a rapid rebuilding method of the tailing reservoirs with few data before and after the dam failure based on multi-source heterogeneous data.Based on the characteristics of the total tailing reservoirs before and after the dam failures,a method integrated with multi-source data such as unmanned aerial vehicle,satellite,GNSS survey,design drawings and flood mark for tailing reservoirs was proposed.The 3D model could be refined and rebuilt for the dam body,reservoir area and downstream submerged affected area of the collapsed tailing reservoirs by using the spline function interpolation method.The collapse accident of the tailing reservoirs in Xiangfen,Shanxi Province in 2008 was taken as a case for study.3D models of the terrain,dam body,reservoir area and downstream influence area before and after the dam failure in Xiangfen tailing reservoir were rebuilt by using the proposed method.The results showed that the accuracy of 3D model rebuilt by this method met the needs of numerical simulation analysis,which could be used for the following analysis and calculation to provide the 3D model basis.