肺通气功能检查在儿童大叶性支原体肺炎中的应用

Application of Pulmonary Ventilation Function Test in Children with Lobar Mycoplasma Pneumonia

目的观察儿童大叶性支原体肺炎的肺通气功能改变特征并探讨发生机制。方法选取2022年1—12月在河北省泊头市医院住院的72例儿童大叶性支原体肺炎患儿为研究对象,对其进行肺通气功能检查。在入院后第2天进行急性期肺通气功能检查,对肺通气功能异常的患儿在治疗14 d后进行恢复期复查。结果急性期检查结果:限制性通气功能障碍59例(81.9%),阻塞性通气功能障碍5例(6.9%),肺通气功能正常8例(11.1%);肺通气功能异常率88.9%。64例肺通气功能异常患儿恢复期复查结果:肺通气通气功能正常56例(87.5%),限制性通气功能障碍2例(3.1%),阻塞性通气功能障碍2例(3.1%),小气道功能障碍4例(6.3%)。急性期限制性通气功能异常例数及肺通气功能正常例数与与恢复期比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。恢复期用力肺活量、第1秒用力呼气容积、呼气峰流速、最大呼气中期流量、用力呼出75%肺活量的呼气流量实测值较急性期明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童大叶性支原体肺炎急性期肺通气功能以限制性通气功能障碍为主,恢复期部分患儿存在小气道功能障碍,肺通气功能检查能对儿童大叶性支原体肺炎肺功能评价、治疗效果的评估提供客观依据。

Objective To observe the characteristics and mechanism of pulmonary ventilation function in children with mycoplasma lobar pneumonia.Methods From January to December 2022,seventy-two children with lobar mycoplasma pneumonia hospitalized at Botou Hospital were selected as research objects,and examined for pulmonary ventilation function.Acute pulmonary ventilation function tests were performed on the second day after admission.The children with abnormal pulmonary ventilation function were reexamined in the convalescent period after 14 days of treatment.Results The acute stage examination:59 cases(81.9%)of restricted ventilation dysfunction,5 cases(6.9%)of obstructive ventilation dysfunction,8 cases(11.1%)of normal pulmonary ventilation function.The abnormal rate of pulmonary ventilation function was 88.9%.The results of reexamination in the recovery period of 64 children with abnormal pulmonary ventilation function were as follows:56 cases(87.5%)of normal pulmonary ventilation function,2 cases(3.1%)of restrictive ventilation dysfunction,2 cases(3.1%)of obstructive ventilation dysfunction,4 cases(6.3%)of small airway dysfunction.There was statistically significance difference in the number of cases of restricted ventilation dysfunction and normal pulmonary ventilation function between acute phase and recovery phase(P<0.05).The measured values of forced vital capacity,forced expiratory volume in the first second,peak expiratory flow rate,maximum mid-expiratory flow rate and expiratory flow rate of 75%expiratory capacity in forced exhalation in recovery period were significantly higher than those in acute period,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The pulmonary ventilation function of children with lobar mycoplasma pneumonia is mainly restricted ventilation dysfunction in the acute stage,and small airway dysfunction in some children in the recovery stage.Pulmonary ventilation function test can provide an objective basis for pulmonary function evaluation and therapeutic effect evaluation of children with lobar mycoplasma pneumonia.