冬虫夏草中砷含量分析的研究进展

Arsenic Content in Cordyceps: A Review

冬虫夏草是我国特有的名贵中药材,具有补肾益肺、止血化痰的功效,临床治疗糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病等呼吸系统疾病、多种慢性肾脏疾病、缓慢性心律失常、高脂血症等疾病具有较好的疗效。该文检索了中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库、SpringerLink期刊全文数据库(生物医学专辑)、Embase数据库、Proquest期刊全文数据库(生命科学相关学科)、PubMed文献数据库、Cochrane图书馆及中国临床试验注册系统(SinoMed)9个数据库中关于冬虫夏草含砷情况的研究。经过统计分析发现,冬虫夏草中的砷主要是以无毒性或低毒性的形态存在;冬虫夏草中的含砷化合物可能是一种具有抗癌作用的砷糖类化合物。其无机砷含量低于国家食品药品监督管理总局规定的中药含砷标准。暂不能确定不同的测定方法是否可对测定结果产生影响。不同产地的冬虫夏草总含砷量确有不同,但就现有研究的结果暂不能得出不同省、区县产冬虫夏草总砷含量高低的普遍规律。冬虫夏草中的砷主要富集在其虫体部分,与子座含砷量相差较大,而菌丝体中未检测出砷的存在。虫草生长区域的土壤砷含量普遍较高,这或许是造成冬虫夏草含砷量高的重要原因。冬虫夏草作为滋补名贵药材,在预防保健、慢病管理、疾病康复等方面仍具有不可替代的地位。

Cordyceps,a unique precious Chinese herbal medicine in China,has the effects of tonifying the kidney and lungs,stopping bleeding,and resolving phlegm.It has definite clinical effects on diabetes,respiratory diseases(such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease),chronic kidney diseases,slow arrhythmia,and hyperlipidemia.We searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data,VIP,SpringerLink(Biomedical Sciences),Embase,Proquest(Life Sciences),PubMed,Cochrane Library,and SinoMed for the research on the arsenic content in Cordyceps.According to statistical analysis,arsenic in Cordyceps mainly exists in the non-toxic or low-toxic form.The arsenic-containing compounds in Cordyceps may be an arsenic-sugar compound with anticancer effect.The inorganic arsenic content in Cordyceps is lower than the arsenic standard stipulated by the State Food and Drug Administration.It remains uncertain whether different measurement methods can affect the results.The total arsenic content varies in Cordyceps from different producing areas,and the general rule of total arsenic content in Cordyceps produced in different provinces,districts,and counties cannot be obtained from the results of the existing studies.The arsenic content in Cordyceps is mainly concentrated in the insect part,which is significantly different from that in stroma,and no arsenic is detected in the mycelia.The soil arsenic content in the growing areas is generally high,which may be a main reason for the high arsenic content in Cordyceps.As a valuable medicinal material for tonifying and nourishing,Cordyceps still plays an irreplaceable role in disease prevention,health care,chronic disease management,and rehabilitation.