摹本借鉴与艺术整理——关山月敦煌临稿研究

Copying for Reference and Artistic Selection:On Guan Shanyue’s Dunhuang Studies

1943年关山月与赵望云、张振铎同行至敦煌,留有敦煌临稿82幅。此前学界认为这些临稿全部是由关山月直接选临自敦煌壁画。实际上其中4幅白描临稿并非直接临摹自敦煌壁画,而是选临自张大千敦煌临稿。关山月与张大千情谊深厚,他与张大千交流、学习其敦煌临画合乎常理。且1943年关山月一行在敦煌期间未曾到西千佛洞考察临摹,因此其临摹千佛洞的画乃出自张大千。比较关山月4幅白描临稿与张大千《大风堂临摹敦煌壁画》(第一集、第二集)中画稿的画法、风格、题跋等方面,亦可确认关山月临稿的出处。

In 1943,Guan Shanyue traveled to Dunhuang together with Zhao Wangyun and Zhang Zhenduo,where they left 82 copies of the Dunhuang murals.Scholars used to believe that these studies were all directly copied by Guan Shanyue from the Dunhuang murals.In fact,four of the line drawings were not directly copied from the murals but were instead derived from Zhang Daqian’s own Dunhuang studies.Guan Shanyue and Zhang Daqian were close friends,and it was thus only normal for him to exchange with his friend and study his copies.Moreover,in 1943,Guan Shanyue and his friends did not study and copy the murals in the Western Thousand Buddha Caves during their stay in Dunhuang,which further demonstrates that these works were copied from Zhang Daqian’s.When comparing the drawings,styles,and inscriptions of Guan Shanyue’s four line drawings with Zhang Daqian's Dafengtang's Copy of Dunhuang Murals(Albums I and II),the source of Guan Shanyue’s works can be further confirmed.