拥抱科研新范式——人工智能带来的科研革命

Embracing the New Research Paradigm--The scientific research revolution brought about by artificial intelligence

人工智能技术正在席卷各行各业,为人类的生产生活带来了翻天覆地的变化。科学家也正在积极探索各类新型的AI工具在科研上的应用前景,从材料研发、药物筛选到天气预测,从微观体系到宏观预测,这些领域的各个难题正在被AI逐步消解。这其中有近期大热的基于大语言模型的各类通用人工智能,也有为了特定问题特制特训的专用类人工智能,这些新技术的出现势必会对传统的科研范示产生冲击。本文从人工智能的历史沿革入手,介绍传统的科研范式与现代AI技术的融合与突破,分析以GPT类模型为代表的大语言模型如何改变现有科研方法和各类小而精的AI模型。呼吁以全新的姿态拥抱科研新范式,探索更深更广的科学领域。

Artificial Intelligence(Al)technology is widely used across all sectors,revolutionizing human production and daily life.Researchers are actively investigating the use of diverse AI tools in scientific studies.Alis gradually overcoming the challenges in material research and development,drug screening,weather forecasting,and micro and macro prediction.Among them,there exist several types of general AI based on large language models.These methods have recently gained popularity.Additionally,there are specific Als purposefully trained to solve particular problems.The impact of such AIs will certainly affect the traditional research methods of scientists.This paper examines the history of AI and the integration of scientists'inherent research paradigm with modern AI technology.It analyses the impact of the large language model,represented by the GPT class model,on the traditional scientific research method and explores the application of various small and precise Al models in scientific research.The paper puts forward the need for a new attitude to embrace the new paradigm of scientific research and utilise the powerful analytical ability brought by AI to delve deeper into scientific fields,explore previously unknown scientific territories.