作为社会现象的知识

Knowledge as Social Phenomena

知识与社会的关系仍算不上一个突出的哲学研究主题,根源在于客观的知识与主观的社会之间不相容。这种不相容在库恩早期哲学,尤其是受其影响的科学知识社会学那里凸显为知识论的一项关键挑战。本文通过论证知识是一种制度事实,对知识的客观性与社会性的关系做出了一种积极的替代性说明。这个论证与库恩晚期哲学的设想是一致的,为思考知识与社会的本质关联带来了不同的视野。

The relationship between knowledge and society is still not considered a prominent theme in philosophical research,primarily because of the incompatibility between objective knowledge and subjective society.This incompatibility presents a crucial challenge to epistemology brought about by the early philosophy of Kuhn,especially the sociology of scientific knowledge influenced by it.This article provides a positive alternative explanation by arguing that knowledge is a social fact,which sheds light on the relationship between the objectivity and sociality of knowledge.This argument aligns with Kuhn's later philosophical ideas,offering a different perspective for contemplating the essential connection between knowledge and society.