双创示范基地建设能促进城市绿色技术创新吗?——基于双重差分模型的检验

Can the Construction of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Demonstration Bases Promote Urban Green Technological Innovation?Test Based on the Difference-in-Difference Model

绿色技术创新在环境治理和碳减排方面发挥着重要作用,作为实施创新驱动发展战略的双创示范基地建设是否促进了绿色技术创新发展?以2016年开始的双创示范基地试点政策作为准自然实验,基于2011—2019年中国233个城市的面板数据,运用渐进双重差分模型分析了双创示范基地建设对城市绿色技术创新的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:(1)双创示范基地建设显著促进了城市绿色发明专利申请数量的增加,对城市绿色技术创新水平具有显著的促进作用,上述结果在共同趋势检验、安慰剂检验和排除其他政策干扰等稳健性检验中依然成立;(2)异质性分析发现,双创示范基地建设对中西部城市、一般地级市和知识产权保护水平较高城市绿色技术创新的促进作用更加显著;(3)在作用机制上,双创示范基地建设通过缓解城市融资约束、增加知识产权制度供给和强化科技战略引领渠道促进了城市绿色技术创新。应不断深化双创示范基地建设,提升城市绿色技术创新水平,给碳达峰、碳中和目标的实现提供绿色技术支撑。

Green technology innovation is an important driving force for transforming the pattern of economic development,optimizing the energy consumption structure and optimizing the industrial structure,as well as an important cornerstone for promoting the green development of the social economy,and has become an important support for promoting high-quality development and helping to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases as an experimental field for promoting the development of regional innovation and entrepreneurship,however,there is a lack of research to examine the impact of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases on urban green technology innovation.This kind of empirical test provides an impor-tant practical reference for deepening the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases and im-proving the level of urban green technology innovation,and it also has important practical significance for helping to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Taking the pilot policy of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases that began in 2016 as a quasi-natural experiment,based on panel data of 233 cities in China from 2011 to 2019,using the progressive difference in difference model to analyze the impact of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases on urban green technology innovation.On this basis.First,this research uses the event study method to test the common trend of green technology innovation.Second,the robustness of the empirical results is verified by placebo test,propensity score matching,replacement of explanatory variables,single-year double difference,and lag effect analysis.Third,based on different locations,different administrative levels and different levels of intellectual property protection,this article empirically examines the heterogeneous impact of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases on urban green technology innovation.Fourth,based on financing constraints,intellectual property system supply and scientific and technological strategy guidance,this research verifies the mechanism of the construction of innovation and entrepreneur-ship demonstration bases to promote the development of green technology innovation.The study found that the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases has significantly pro-moted the increase of the number of urban green invention patent applications,and has a significant role in promoting the level of urban green technology innovation,these results remain valid in robustness tests such as the common trend test,the placebo test,the exclusion of other policy interference,replacing the explanatory variables,and lag effect test.Hetero-geneity analysis found that the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases has played a more sig-nificant role in promoting green technology innovation in central and western cities,general prefecture-level cities,and cities with higher levels of intellectual property protection.In the mechanism of action,the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases can promote urban green technology innovation by alleviating urban financing con-straints,increasing intellectual property system supply and strengthening scientific and technological strategies.Based on the findings of the study,policy suggestions are put forward to promote the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases and improve the level of urban green technology innovation.First of all,continue to deepen the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases,summarize the experience of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases,and give full play to the guiding and stimulating role of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases in urban green technology innovation.Second,actively promote the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases in central and western cities and general prefecture-level cities,and continuously improve the level of urban intellectual property protection.Finally,improve the construction of urban credit system,improve the supply level of urban intellectual property system,and further strengthen the strategic guidance of science and technology.Future research can also be expanded accordingly to investigate the impact of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases on high-quality development of enterprises,total factor productivity of enterprises,enterprise innovation and entrepreneurship,and enterprise resilience,to test the impact of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship demonstration bases on the quality of enterprise innovation and the quantity and quality of enterprise green technology innovation,and to investigate the micro mechanism of this pilot policy affecting the quality of enterprise innovation and the quantity and quality of enterprise green technology innovation.