新疆伊犁全新规划生态农业园区产业链环境评价研究

Study on Life Cycle Assessment of the Industrial Chain of the Newly Planned Eco-agricultural Park in Ili,Xinjiang

发展生态农业园区有助于减少农业废弃物,实现农业可持续发展。目前,政府强调农业废弃物多层次利用,尽可能延链、补链、壮链、优链。然而,上述策略是否环境友好值得考虑。针对这一问题,本文利用生命周期评价法(Life cycle assessment,LCA),以新疆伊犁全新规划生态农业园区产业链为例,构建了8种情景,从环境角度探讨各情景环境负荷。结果表明:从资源消耗和物质消耗角度来看,产业链延伸能够提高资源和物质利用率;但是,从对大气和水资源的影响、毒性效应的角度来看,产业链延伸并未带来环境效益;此外,根据LCA贡献效应,不同指标下最优情景不同。本研究可以为生态农业园区从生命周期角度设计新的产业链提供借鉴与指导。

Developing ecological agricultural parks is helpful to reduce agricultural waste and realize sustainable agricultural development.At present,the government emphasizes multi-level utilization of agricultural waste to extend,reinforce,strengthen and optimize the chain as far as possible.However,it is worth considering whether these strategies are environmentally friendly.To solve the above problem,the industrial chain of the newly planned eco-agricultural park in Ili,Xinjiang is taken as an example to construct eight scenarios and discuss the environmental load of each scenario from the perspective of environment using the life cycle assessment(LCA)method.The results show that the extension of industrial chain can improve the utilization rate of resources and materials from the perspective of resource consumption and material consumption.However,the extension of the industrial chain has not brought environmental benefits when considering its impact on the atmosphere and water resources and toxic effects.In addition,according to the contribution effect of LCA,the optimal scenario is different under different indexes.This study can provide reference and guidance for eco-agricultural parks to design new industrial chain from the perspective of life cycle.