环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸合成酶及其下游干扰素基因刺激因子信号通路在抗肿瘤免疫中的作用

Progress of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes pathway in antitumor immunity

对于细胞质内DNA片段的识别是固有免疫系统监测病原体人侵的重要机制。环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸合成酶(cGAS)及其下游干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)通过促进I型干扰素和其他炎性细胞因子的释放,参与介导基本的抗微生物免疫反应以及适应性免疫的启动。越来越多的证据表明,cGAS-STING信号通路的激活对于抗肿瘤免疫也至关重要。肿瘤细胞由于基因组的不稳定性可能发生细胞核DNA的泄漏,通过细胞内的DNA感应机制激活免疫系统清除肿瘤细胞。文章将讨论cGAS-STING信号通路在肿瘤研究中的最新进展。

Recognition of cytosolic DNA fragments is an important mechanism by which the innate immune system monitors pathogen invasion.Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS)and its downstream stimulator of interferon genes(STING)are involved in mediating fundamental antimicrobial immune responses as well as the initiation of adaptive immunity by promoting the production of type I interferons and other inflammatory cytokines.Increasing evidence suggests that activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway is also critical for antitumor immunity.The leakage of nuclear DNA due to genomic instability of tumor cells may result the activation of immune system and the clearance of tumor cells through cytosolic DNA sensing mechanisms.In this review,we will discuss the recent advances in the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in cancer research.