基于时间间隔的飞机进近污染物减排研究

Research on Aircraft Approach Pollutant Emission Reduction Based on Time Separation

近年来,随着民航业的高速发展,飞机燃油消耗和污染排放已成为热门话题。在最后进近过程中,逆风导致着陆率降低,增加飞机的飞行时间,从而增加燃油消耗和污染物排放。基于时间间隔(TBS)改变了最后进近的间隔规则,用基于时间的间隔取代两架飞机之间的基于距离间隔。论文引入TBS间隔,以取代目前DBS间隔。结合浦东机场52天气象数据和航班数据,研究TBS运行标准与DBS运行标准相比节省的时间。建立燃油消耗及污染物排放修正模型,根据国际民航组织(ICAO)飞机发动机排放数据库,计算TBS运行标准与DBS运行标准的油耗和污染物排放。根据计算结果,进近着陆阶段,与DBS运行标准相比,TBS运行标准将降低燃油消耗568.0t,减少HC排放201.36g,CO排放2255.44g,NOX排放9023.81g,节油率和减排率均在20%以上。结果表明,与DBS相比,TBS对燃油消耗和污染物排放具有明显的优化效果。

In recent years,with the rapid development of civil aviation industry,aircraft fuel consumption and pollution emis-sions have become a hot topic.During the final approach,the headwind will reduce the landing rate and increase the flight time of the aircraft,thus increasing fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.Time-based separation changes the separation rule of final approach,and the distance-based separation between two aircraft is changed to time separation.This paper introduces TBS rule to replace the current DBS rule.Combined with 52 weather image data and flight data of Pudong Airport,the time saved by TBS opera-tion standard compared with DBS operation standard is studied.It establishes the fuel consumption and pollutant emission correction model,and calculate the fuel consumption and pollutant emission of TBS operation standard and DBS operation standard according to the aircraft engine emission database of the International Civil Aviation Organization.According to the calculation results,in the approach and landing phase,compared with the DBS operation standard,the TBS operation standard will reduce the fuel consump-tion by 568.0t,the HC emission by 201.36g,the CO emission by 2255.44g,and the NOx emission by 9023.81g.The fuel saving rate and emission reduction rate are both above 20%.The results show that TBS has obvious optimization effect on fuel consumption and pollutant emission compared with DBS.