紫铜及铝青铜合金高耐蚀性阳极氧化工艺研究与生产应用

Research and Production Application of High Corrosion Resistance Anodizing Process for Red Copper and Aluminum Bronze Alloy

为改良T1紫铜、QAl9-4铝青铜合金的外观并提高耐腐蚀性能,使用氢氧化钠、钼酸铵的水溶液作为工作溶液,对T1紫铜、QAl9-4铝青铜合金进行阳极氧化处理。采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱和金相显微镜测试2种材料表面的阳极氧化膜层的显微形貌、主要成分和金相组织,从而优化阳极氧化工艺参数。通过外观检测、附着强度测试、耐高温、中性盐雾试验等检测方法考核了阳极氧化膜层的综合性能。结果表明:阳极氧化电流密度为1.0 A/dm^(2),时间为25~30 min,温度为80~90℃时,可以获得厚度为1~3μm、可耐温400℃的黑色氧化膜。经适当封闭处理的2种材料表面的阳极氧化膜层阻碍了腐蚀介质的扩散,T1紫铜耐腐蚀性提高6.0倍,QAl9-4铝青铜合金耐腐蚀性提高2.5倍。生产应用表明该工艺稳定、操作简便,适用于T1紫铜、QAl9-4铝青铜合金材料产品大批量生产,能够满足产品装饰性、消光性、耐高温性和耐腐蚀性要求。

To improve the appearance and corrosion resistance of T1 red copper and QAl9-4 aluminum bronze alloys,an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and ammonium molybdate was used as the working solution to anodize T1 red copper and QAl9-4 aluminum bronze alloys.The microstructure,primary composition,and metallographic structure of the anodic oxide film on both materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy,and metallographic microscopy,facilitating the optimization of anodic oxidation process parameters.The comprehensive performance of the anodic oxide film was assessed through appearance inspection,adhesion strength testing,high-temperature resistance,and neutral salt spray tests.Results indicated that under conditions of an anodic oxidation current density of 1.0 A/dm^(2),duration of 25~30 min,and a temperature range of 80~90℃,a black oxide film of 1~3μm thickness capable of withstanding temperatures up to 400°C was achieved.Properly sealed anodic oxide films on both materials impeded the diffusion of corrosive medium,improving the corrosion resistance of T1 copper by 6.0 times and QAl9-4 aluminum bronze alloy by 2.5 times.Production applications demonstrated that the process was stable and easy to operate,making it suitable for mass production of T1 copper and QAl9-4 aluminum bronze alloy products,meeting decorative,matte,high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance requirements.