CO_(2)和H_(2)S环境下管线钢的腐蚀与防护研究进展

Research Progress on the Corrosion and Protection of Pipeline Steels in CO_(2) and H_(2)S Environments

随着全球油气田工业的发展,管线钢在CO_(2)和H_(2)S环境中的腐蚀已经极大地制约了油气工业的开发,管线钢的腐蚀逐渐受到国内外学者的重视。总结了单一CO_(2)、单一H_(2)S、CO_(2)和H_(2)S共存体系下管线钢的腐蚀行为及机理。阐述了CO_(2)和H_(2)S的分压比会影响管线钢的腐蚀程度,同时最新研究成果表明CO_(2)和H_(2)S分压比的临界值受温度影响。针对CO_(2)和H_(2)S共存的复杂环境下,主要介绍了缓蚀剂保护技术、耐蚀管材的优选来减缓管线钢的腐蚀。最后,展望了CO_(2)和H_(2)S共存体系未来的发展方向以及更经济、有效的防护措施发展前景。

With the development of global oil and gas industry expands,pipeline steel corrosion in CO_(2) and H_(2)S environments has become a significant impediment to oil and gas industry growth.The corrosion of pipeline steel is gradually receiving attention from scholars at home and abroad.In this paper,the corrosion behavior and mechanisms of pipeline steels under individual CO_(2),H_(2)S,and combined CO_(2)-H_(2)S systems were summarized.It was highlighted that the partial pressures ratio of CO_(2) and H_(2)S influences the extent of pipeline steel corrosion,with recent findings indicating that the critical value of CO_(2) and H_(2)S partial pressures ratio was temperature-dependent.For the complex environment where CO_(2) and H_(2)S coexist,this paper mainly introduced the protection technology of corrosion inhibitors and the optimization of corrosion resistant pipes to slow down the corrosion of pipeline steel.Furthermore,the future development direction in CO_(2) and H_(2)S coexistence systems as well as more economical and effective anti-corrosion measures was prospected.