基于组合赋权TOPSIS模型的建设项目水土保持绩效评价及障碍因子诊断

Performance Evaluation of Soil and Water Conservation and Diagnosis of Obstacle Factors in Construction Projects Based on Combined Weighting TOPSIS Model

[目的]综合量化评估建设项目的水土保持障碍因子,提升建设项目的水土保持效益,为促进建设项目水土保持综合绩效提升和系统性优化调整水保方案提供技术思路。[方法]综合考虑水土流失防治成效、水土流失影响因子控制、水保经济投资控制、水保生态建设成效4个子系统及其下属的15个指标因子,建立了水土保持综合评价指标体系,而后基于层次分析法(AHP),采用专家打分法和熵权法并结合博弈论理论构建了组合权重TOPSIS模型的建设项目水土保持综合绩效评价技术体系和障碍因子诊断方法,实证研究评价并诊断了陕西省3个建设项目的水土保持综合效益及障碍因子。[结果]P_(1),P_(2)和P_(3)的水土保持工程综合绩效贴近度分别为0.7644,0.6928,0.2745,P_(1)水土保持绩效为优秀,P_(3)为较差;P_(1)的主要指标层障碍因子为林草措施投资比和临时措施投资比,P_(2)的为扰动土地整治率、单位面积弃渣量、临时措施投资比和林草植被恢复率,P_(3)的为扰动土地整治率、水土流失治理度和林草植被恢复率;P_(1)需要优化水保措施投资结构,适当增加对林草措施和临时措施的投入,P_(2)需要适当增加临时措施投资,提升水保措施的有效性和全面性,P_(3)需要提高资金投入并增加临时措施和林草措施。[结论]提出的水土保持绩效评价及障碍因子诊断技术方法能够针对不同的建设项目进行综合绩效量化评价,且可根据项目的具体情况,相对应地量化诊断其子系统和指标因子对综合绩效的影响程度,快速检测影响综合绩效评价提升的主要因素,可根据评价和诊断分析结果进行项目水保方案优化调整。

[Objective]The aims of this study are to comprehensively evaluate the soil and water conservation of construction projects,diagnose their obstacle factors,and to improve the comprehensive performance of soil and water conservation.[Methods]A comprehensive evaluation index system for soil and water conservation was established using four subsystems,including the effectiveness of soil and water loss prevention and control,the control of soil and water loss impact factors,the control of soil and water conservation economic investment,and the effectiveness of soil and water conservation ecological construction,as well as 15 indicator factors under them.Based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP),expert scoring method and entropy weight method combined with game theory were used to construct a comprehensive performance evaluation technology system and obstacle factor diagnosis method for soil and water conservation of construction projects with combined weight TOPSIS model.Empirical research was carried out to evaluate and diagnose 3 construction projects in Shaanxi Province comprehensive benefits and obstacle factors of soil and water conservation of the project.[Results]The comprehensive performance closeness of soil and water conservation projects for P_(1),P_(2)and P_(3)are 0.7644,0.6928 and 0.2745,respectively.The soil and water conservation performance of P_(1)is excellent,while that of P_(3)is poor.The main indicator layer obstacle factors of P_(1)are the investment ratio of forest and grass measures and the investment ratio of temporary measures.P_(2)represents the disturbance land remediation rate,unit area waste,temporary measure investment ratio,and forest and grass vegetation restoration rate.P 3 represents the disturbance land remediation rate,soil erosion control degree,and forest and grass vegetation restoration rate.P_(1)needs to optimize the investment structure of water and soil conservation measures,increase investment in forest and grass measures and temporary measures appropriately.P_(2)needs to increase investment in temporary measures appropriately,improve the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of water and soil conservation measures.P_(3)needs to increase capital investment and increase temporary measures and forest and grass measures.[Conclusion]By using the combined weighted TOPSIS model,the soil and water conservation obstacle factors of construction projects can be accurately diagnosed and the soil and water conservation benefits of construction projects can be improved.The ideas and methods of this study can provide technical ideas for promoting the comprehensive performance improvement of soil and water conservation in construction projects and systematically optimizing and adjusting soil and water conservation plans.