基于ENVI和ArcGIS的呼伦湖面积动态变化及影响因素研究

Study on Dynamic Changes and Influencing Factors of The Hulun Lake Area based on ENVI and ArcGIS

湖泊的动态变化可以很好地反映当地的生态环境状况,遥感技术在沙漠湖泊监测中具有较高的应用价值和现实意义。本研究选取landsat 8遥感影像为数据源,分析了2013-2021年呼伦湖湖泊面积的动态变化,采用ENVI软件预处理、ArcGIS空间分析、人工解译方法等,研究了呼伦湖湖泊面积近10 a的变化特征,并结合相关气象数据和当地调控措施分析了影响湖泊面积变化的原因。结果表明:(1)湖泊面积在2013-2021年由191110.88 hm^(2)上升至215504.02 hm^(2),变化区域集中在湖泊东北、东南方向;(2)2013-2021年湖泊面积与气温、降水量和相对湿度均不存在显著相关关系,与气象因子相关性不大,说明此段时间湖泊面积对气候变化的敏感性较低;(3)人类活动对湖泊面积影响较大,在当地政府的生态政策保护下,呼伦湖生态得到了一定程度的恢复。

The dynamic change of lake can reflect the local ecological environment condition well.Remote sensing technology has high application value and practical significance in desert lake monitoring.In this study,landsat 8 remote sensing images were selected as data sources to analyze the dynamic changes of Hulun Lake from^(2)013 to 2021.ENVI software pre-processing,ArcGIS spatial analysis and manual interpretation were adopted to study the change characteristics of Hulun Lake in recent 10 years.Combined with relevant meteorological data and local control measures,the reasons affecting the change of lake area were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)The area of Hulun Lake increased from 191110.88 hm^(2)to 215504.02 hm^(2)during 2013 to 2021,and the changes were concentrated in the northeast and southeast directions of the lake.(2)From^(2)013 to 2021,the lake area was no significant with temperature,precipitation and relative humidity,and not significantly correlated with meteorological factors,indicating that the lake area was less sensitive to climate change during this period.(3)Human activities had a great impact on the lake area,and under the protection of the local government′s ecological policy,the ecology of Hulun Lake had been restored to a certain extent.