草地生态旅游资源保护的影响因素与可持续发展路径分析

Analysis on Affecting Factors and Sustainable Development Path of Grassland Eco-tourism Resources Protection

理论研究研究发现,自然因素、人为因素和制度因素都可以对草地生态旅游资源的保护产生影响,但是经验研究则表明自然因素对于草地生态旅游资源退化的影响并不明显,影响草地生态旅游资源退化的首要原因是制度因素。因此要保护我国的草地生态旅游资源,提高农牧民的收入,实现可持续发展,必须遵循如下路径:短期内改善放牧结构,在不增加草地承载压力的前提下提高农牧民的收入水平;中期内推行合作游牧制度,提高农牧民的受教育水平以降低草原生态旅游资源退化的速度;长期内完善社会保障,并通过发展特色旅游来实现草地生态旅游资源的可持续发展。

Theoretical research finds that natural factors,man-made factors and institutional factors all affects grassland eco-tourism resources protection.But empirical research finds that natural factors’effect is insignificant.The most significant reason to grassland degeneration is institutional factors.So in order to protect the grassland eco-tourism resources,increases the income of agro-pastoralist and realizes sustainable development,we should abide by the following path.Improve the grazing structure in short-term period to increase the agro-pastoralists’income while not increasing the carrying capacity of grassland.Implement cooperation grazing institution in middle-term period and raises the education level of agro-pastoralists in order to lower the degeration speed.Perfect the social security system in long-term period and develop the special tour in order to realize sustainable development of grassland eco-tourism resources.