油菜与鹰嘴豆、羽扇豆间作对P、Fe、Zn养分吸收利用特征的影响

Effects of rapeseed intercropped with chickpea and lupin on P,Fe,Zn absorption and utilization

为研究油菜与鹰嘴豆、羽扇豆间作对土壤养分P、Fe、Zn的吸收利用特征及其影响因素,通过盆栽试验,设置6个处理,包括对照(CK)、鹰嘴豆单作(CP)、羽扇豆单作(LU)、油菜单作(RA)、油菜与鹰嘴豆间作(RA/CP)、油菜与羽扇豆间作(RA/LU)。结果表明:油菜/鹰嘴豆间作的地上部生物量和P、Zn养分吸收总量均为最高,其生物量比油菜单作、鹰嘴豆单作均提高约74%,P吸收总量比油菜单作和鹰嘴豆单作显著提高76.5%和113.9%,地上部植株Fe、Zn吸收总量相比于单作最高提升比例分别达到270%和121%。油菜/鹰嘴豆、油菜/羽扇豆间作使油菜根际土有效P含量分别提升33.8%和50.4%,而对鹰嘴豆和羽扇豆的根际有效P提升强度并不明显。间作均不同程度促进两种作物根际土有机酸的含量,其中油菜/羽扇豆间作处理下的油菜作物根际土有机酸总量提升幅度最大,是单作作物的1.6倍。研究表明,油菜与鹰嘴豆、羽扇豆两种豆科作物间作均可以提高油菜植株生物量和植株对P、Fe、Zn养分的吸收,其中油菜与鹰嘴豆间作的养分吸收利用强度更佳。

Intercropping is an important method for improving nutrient utilization.In this study,a pot experiment was conducted with six treatments:control(CK),Cicer arietinum(CP),Lupins(LU),Brassica napus(RA),intercropping of Cicer arietinum/Brassica napus(RA/CP),and intercropping of Lupins/Brassica napus(RA/LU),to investigate the characteristics of P,Fe,and Zn uptake and utilization,and their traits influencing different intercropping treatments.The results showed that the aboveground biomass,and total P and Zn uptake in the RA/CP treatment were the highest,with a biomass increase of approximately 74%compared with RA and CP treatments,and an increase in total P uptake of 76.5%and 113.9%compared with RA and CP,respectively.The total Fe and Zn uptake in the aboveground parts of intercropping were notably increased by 270%and 121%,respectively,compared with the monoculture.In addition,RA/CP and RA/LU treatments notably increased the available phosphorus content in the rhizosphere soil of rape crops,increasing by 33.8%and 50.4%,respectively,while the activation for chickpea or lupin was not obvious.Furthermore,crop intercropping increased organic acid secretion in rhizosphere soils.The total amount of organic acids in the rape rhizosphere under the RA/LU treatment was 1.6 times higher than that of the monoculture.Overall,intercropping rape with chickpea and lupin could promote the formation of aboveground plant biomass and P,Fe,and Zn nutrient accumulation in plants,particularly rape.The RA/CP had the strongest effect on soil nutrient absorption and utilization.