不同光质与光周期对粗肋草生长、叶片色素和颜色的影响

Effects of different light qualities and photoperiods on the growth,leaf pigment and color of Aglaonema commutatum

为改良粗肋草叶色和优化粗肋草设施栽培体系,该研究以粗肋草品种‘吉利红’的水培苗为材料,设置6种光质(白光、R∶B=1∶1、R∶B=1∶2、R∶B=2∶1、R∶B=1∶3、R∶B=3∶1,其中R、B分别代表红光、蓝光)和2种光周期(8、12 h·d^(-1))交叉培养,测定粗肋草的生长量、生物量、土壤和作物分析仪器开发(SPAD)值、花色素苷含量和叶片颜色参数(色相值a~*、色相值b~*、明度值L~*、色调角h~*),研究粗肋草对红蓝光质和光周期互作的响应。结果表明:(1)12 h·d^(-1)光周期更有利于粗肋草生物量的积累,其中LP11(R∶B=1∶3×12 h·d^(-1))处理的粗肋草苗木干重、鲜重均为最高,最有利于植物生长及生物量积累;其次是LP5(R∶B=1∶3×8 h·d^(-1))处理。(2)相同光质条件下,8 h·d^(-1)光周期处理的粗肋草叶片SPAD值比12 h·d^(-1)光周期处理高,12 h·d^(-1)光周期处理的粗肋草叶片花色素苷含量高于8 h·d^(-1)光周期的处理,LP11处理叶片SPAD值最低,花色素苷含量最高。12 h·d^(-1)光周期培养的粗肋草叶片颜色参数a~*、b~*值比8 h·d^(-1)光周期高,h~*值比8 h·d^(-1)光周期低。(3)主成分分析结果表明,LP11处理在促进粗肋草生长及叶色改良方面效果最好。综上认为,12 h·d^(-1)光周期更有利于粗肋草的生长和叶片颜色变化,其中LP11处理为最佳光质和光周期组合。

In order to improve the leaf color and optimize the facility of cultivation system of Aglaonema commutatum‘Big apple’,its hydroponic seedlings were used as the test material in this study,six light qualities(white light,R∶B=1∶1,R∶B=1∶2,R∶B=2∶1,R∶B=1∶3,R∶B=3∶1,in which R and B represent red light and blue light,respectively)and two photoperiods(8 h·d-1,12 h·d-1)were cross cultured to determine the growth amount,biomass,soil and plant analyzer development(SPAD)value,anthocyanin content and leaf color parameters(hue value a,hue value b,luminosity L and hue angle h),and to investigate its response to red and blue light qualities and photoperiodic interactions.The results were as follows:(1)The dry weight and fresh weight of A.commutatum seedlings treated with LP11(R∶B=1∶3×12 h·d-1)were the highest,which was most conducive to plant growth and biomass accumulation;followed by LP5(R∶B=1∶3×8 h·d-1)treatment.(2)Under the same light quality condition,the SPAD value of 8 h·d-1 photoperiod was higher than that of 12 h·d-1 photoperiod,the anthocyanin content of 12 h·d-1 photoperiod was higher than that of 8 h·d-1 photoperiod,the SPAD value of LP11 treatment was the lowest and the anthocyanin content was the highest.The leaf color parameters a and b of A.commutatum cultured in 12 h·d-1 photoperiod were higher than those in 8 h·d-1 photoperiod,and the value of h was lower than that in 8 h·d-1 photoperiod.(3)The principal component analysis showed that the LP11 treatment was the most effective in promoting the growth and leaf color improvement of A.commutatum.In conclusion,12 h·d-1 photoperiod is more conducive to the growth and leaf color change of A.commutatum,and LP11 treatment is the best combination of light quality and photoperiod.