苏州工业园区217例荨麻疹患者过敏原类型及分布情况

Type and Distribution of Allergens in 217 Patients with Urticaria in Suzhou Industrial Park

目的:分析苏州工业园区217例荨麻疹患者过敏原类型及分布情况。方法:选取2021年1—12月苏州市工业园区星海医院皮肤科门诊收治的217例荨麻疹患者作为研究对象,患者均行血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(IgE)水平检测,统计患者过敏原类型及分布情况。结果:217例患者血清特异性过敏原IgE阳性率为45.16%(98/217),其中吸入性过敏原特异性IgE阳性率为23.96%(52/217),过敏原以尘螨为主;食入性过敏原特异性IgE阳性率为16.59%(36/217),过敏原以海鱼、蟹为主。不同性别、年龄患者过敏原阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。98例血清特异性过敏原IgE阳性患者中,对1种过敏原呈阳性的有76例,对2种过敏原呈阳性的有16例,对3种过敏原呈阳性的有6例。结论:苏州工业园区荨麻疹患者过敏原以尘螨、海鱼、蟹为主,其分布不存在性别、年龄差异,以单项过敏多见。

Objective:To analyze the type and distribution of allergens in 217 patients with urticaria in Suzhou Industrial Park.Methods:A total of 217 patients with urticaria who visited the Dermatology Outpatient Department of Suzhou Industrial Park Xinghai Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects.All patients received serum allergen specific immunoglobulin E(IgE)detection.The type and distribution of allergens in patients were counted.Results:The positive rate of serum specific allergen IgE in 217 patients was 45.16%(98/217),of which the positive rate of inhalant allergen specific IgE was23.96%(52/217),and the allergens were mainly dust mite.The positive rate of ingested allergen specific IgE was 16.59%(36/217),and the allergens were mainly marine fish and crab.There was no significant difference in allergen positive rates among patients of different genders and ages(P>0.05).Among the 98 patients who were positive for serum specific allergen IgE,76 cases were positive for 1 allergen;16 cases were positive for 2 allergens;6 cases were positive for three allergens.Conclusion:The allergens of urticaria patients in Suzhou Industrial Park are mainly dust mite,marine fish and crab,and there is no gender or age difference in their distribution,and single allergy is dominant.