从《蛙》的葡译看巴西汉学家何觅东的翻译策略——与葛浩文《蛙》英译相比较

Brazilian Sinologist Amilton Reis's Translation Strategy:A Comparative Study of his Portuguese Version with Howard Goldblatt's English Version of Mo Yan's Novel WA

何觅东是第一位将莫言小说从中文译成葡文的巴西汉学家。他已经翻译了《变》《三十年前的一次长跑》《蛙》。本文以葡译As R?s(《蛙》)为研究对象,以第一手资料为基础,从文化替换、文化省略、文化淡化、文化释义、文化注解、文化直译、语言美化、语言淡化等层面考察何觅东的翻译策略。为更好地了解其翻译策略的特点,本文将其葡译与美国汉学家葛浩文的英译《蛙》对照观察。研究发现,葛浩文的翻译策略基本是“倾向读者的”,而何觅东的翻译策略更“倾向读者”,可以说是“以读者为中心的”。

Amilton Reis is the first Brazilian sinologist who translated Nobel Prize winner Mo Yan's novels from Chinese into Portuguese.He has translated Mo Yan's Bian(Mudanga,2013),Sanshi nian qian de yici changpao(Uma corrida ha 30 anos)and Wa(As Ras,2015).This paper,based on first-hand examples,takes his Portuguese translation As Ras(Frog)as the research object,and examines his translation strategy from aspects of cultural replacement,cultural omission,cultural dilution,cultural interpretation,cultural annotation,cultural literal translation,language beautification,language dilution,and so on.In order to better understand the characteristics of his translation strategy,this article compares his Portuguese translation with the English translation Frog by American sinologist Howard Goldblatt.The study found that,while Goldblatt's translation strategy is basically"reader-oriented",Reis's translation strategy is more"reader-oriented"or"reader-centered".