结构式正念减压心理护理在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的临床效果

Clinical effect of psychological nursing of structured mindfulness-based stress reduction in pregnant patients with diabetes mellitus

目的探究结构式正念减压心理护理在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法通过随机数字分配表法将济南市第二妇幼保健院2021年3月至2022年3月收治的妊娠期糖尿病90例患者分为参照组和干预组, 参照组45例实施常规心理护理干预, 干预组45例实施结构式正念减压心理护理干预。于入院1 d, 干预4 w后, 对两组患者的心理应激水平、疾病认知水平、医学应对等情况进行比较分析。结果入院1 d, 两组妊娠压力焦虑、疾病认知水平、医学应对等情况比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预4 w后, 干预组在担心胎儿、关注自我、担心分娩等妊娠压力焦虑得分低于参照组, 差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与同期参照组相比, 干预组在饮食结构、并发症、用药知识、心理调节、注意事项等相关疾病知识认知情况得分提升显著, 差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);干预组与参照组相比, 在回避、屈服、面对等情况对比, 积极性显著提高, 差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论对妊娠期糖尿病患者实施结构式正念减压心理护理干预, 能缓解患者心理焦虑不安情绪, 增强其对于疾病的了解与掌握, 加强医学积极应对意识。

Objective To explore the application effect of psychological nursing of structured mindfulness-based stress reduction in patients with diabetes during pregnancy.Methods A total of 90 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to the Second Children and Women's Healthcare of Ji'nan City from March 2021 to March 2022 were divided into the reference group and the intervention group by random number allocation table method,with 45 cases in each group.The reference group implemented routine psychological nursing intervention,while the intervention group implemented structured mindfulness-based decompression psychological nursing intervention.One day after admission and four weeks after intervention,the psychological stress level,disease cognition level and medical response of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results One day after admission,there were no significant differences in pregnancy stress and anxiety,disease cognition level and medical response between the two groups(P>0.05).After 4 weeks of intervention,the scores of pregnancy stress anxiety in the intervention group were lower than those in the reference group,such as worry about the fetus,self-concern and worry about childbirth,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the reference group in the same period,the cognition scores of diet structure,complications,medication knowledge,psychological adjustment,precautions and other related disease knowledge in the intervention group were significantly improved,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the reference group,the enthusiasm of the intervention group was significantly improved in avoidance,submission and facing,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The implementation of structural mindfulness-based decompression psychological nursing intervention for gestational diabetes patients can alleviate their psychological anxiety,enhance their understanding and mastery of the disease,and strengthen their awareness of medical active response.