非编码RNA在鱼类生产中的研究进展

Research progress of non-coding RNA in fish production

近年来,随着对鱼类的研究不断深入,关于鱼类基因表达的新调控方式得到了广泛关注。鱼类基因表达的新调控方式包括转录后调控、非编码RNA等,这些方式不能作为蛋白质编码而被翻译成蛋白质,但可参与调控基因表达。非编码RNA与转录后的转录本具有不同的序列,其不仅参与基因表达调控,还在表观遗传、信号转导等生物学过程中发挥重要作用。由于鱼类基因组相对较小,基因数目也相对较少,基因组序列相对保守。因此可通过研究非编码RNA以了解鱼类基因表达过程。文章综述了非编码RNA在鱼类中的表达情况和作用机制,比较分析了部分非编码RNA在不同物种中的应用及存在的问题,以期为进一步研究非编码RNA在鱼类生产中的作用机制提供参考。

In recent years,with the deepening of the research on fish,the new regulation of fish gene expression has received extensive attention.New ways of regulating fish gene expression include post-transcriptional regulation,noncoding RNA,etc.These ways cannot be translated into protein as protein coding,but can participate in regulating gene expression.Non-coding RNA and transcribed transcript have different sequences,which not only participate in gene expression regulation,but also play an important role in biological processes such as epigenetics and signal transduction.Because the fish genome is relatively small and the number of genes is relatively small,the genome sequence is relatively conserved.Therefore,non-coding RNA can be studied to understand the gene expression process of fish.The paper reviews the expression and mechanism of non-coding RNA in fish,compares and analyzes the application of some noncoding RNA in different species,summarizes the existing problems in the study of fish,in order to provide references for further research on the mechanism of non-coding RNA in fish.