尘螨过敏原调控气道上皮细胞相关致敏机制研究进展

Progress of researches on dust mites-modulated airway epithelial cells-associated sensitization mechanisms

尘螨是最常见的吸入性过敏原之一,是引起过敏性哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、特应性皮炎等过敏性疾病的重要因素。尘螨过敏已被世界卫生组织(WHO)视为全球性卫生问题之一,但迄今尚无尘螨诱发的过敏性疾病的有效治疗方案。作为气道抵抗过敏原、病毒、细菌、环境污染物等炎症刺激和抗原的第一道防线,气道上皮细胞构筑了肺组织与外环境间的第一道屏障,在多种急慢性肺部炎症性疾病发病机制中发挥了关键作用。尘螨过敏原刺激后,气道上皮细胞参与过敏原致敏及气道炎症反应过程,在呼吸系统天然免疫功能中发挥重要作用。本文主要就尘螨过敏原及其调控气道上皮细胞炎症反应致过敏机制研究进展作一综述。

As one the most common inhaled allergens,dust mites are major contributors to allergenic diseases,including allergenic asthma,allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.Dust mite allergy has been considered as one of global health problems by the World Health Organization(WHO);however,there is no cure for dust mites-induced allergenic diseases.As the first-line defense against inflammatory stimuli and antigens in the airway,including allergens,viruses,bacteria and environmental pollutants,airway epithelial cells form the first barrier between the lung and external environments,and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple acute and chronic lung disorders.Following allergen stimulation,airway epithelial cells are involved in allergen sensitization and inflammatory reactions,which play an important role in natural immune functions of the respiratory system.This review summarizes the advances in dust mite allergens and airway epithelial cells-associated sensitization mechanisms.