滇藏铁路总体设计目标及对策研究

Research on the Overall Design Goals and Countermeasures of the Yunnan-Tibet Railway

研究目的:滇藏铁路是一条具有国土开发功能的路网性干线铁路,其中香格里拉至然乌段地处“三江并流区”,区域地形地质生态环境复杂,工程艰巨,对工程建设与运营安全都具有极大的挑战。如何在复杂的自然环境条件下,结合项目的功能需求,分析香格里拉至然乌段的特点和需要解决的重难点问题,确定项目总体设计目标和思路,提出实现目标的对策措施,顺利推进项目规划建设工作,是本次研究的主要目的。研究结论:(1)从分析项目的功能需求和区域自然特征出发,提出了本线项目需要解决的重难点问题,确定了滇藏铁路总体设计目标为国土开发目标、安全可靠目标、绿色低碳目标;(2)围绕四个目标制定了项目的总体设计思路,并从地质勘察、线路选线、工程设计、生态环保、综合监测等方面提出了具体的对策措施;(3)地质勘察:提出采用“天-空-地”多源综合地质勘察技术体系,查明工程地质和水文地质条件,评估潜在风险并提出工程对策;线路选线:提出车站选址原则和“走高、走边”“避断裂、选硬岩”的选线思路和原则,并就综合廊道、线路走向、三江并流区和金沙江特大桥等线路方案提出推荐建议;桥梁工程:提出采用大跨度悬索桥和拱桥来适应地形,提高线路选线自由度;隧道工程:提出长大深埋隧道软岩大变形、硬岩岩爆、抗震设计、岩溶及地下水处理、洞口重力不良地质等方面的对策措施;环保工程:提出关于废水、弃渣处理和生态修复的原则及对策;综合监测:提出高陡边坡、滑坡、泥石流等工程处理与铁路沿线安全监测相结合的山区复杂自然环境下综合监测系统设置方案;(4)本文相关研究成果可为复杂艰险山区铁路系统设计及线路方案研究提供参考。

Research purposes:The Yunnan-Tibet Railway is a trunk railway of the railway network with the function of national land development.And the Shangri-La-Ranwu section is located in the three parallel rivers area.The regional terrain,geological and ecological environment is complex,and the project is arduous,which brings great challenges to the construction and operational safety of the project.How to analyze the characteristics of Shangri-La-Ranwu section and the key and difficult problems that need to be solved under the complex natural environment conditions,combined with the functional requirements of the project,determine the overall design goals and ideas of the project,put forward countermeasures to achieve the goals,and smoothly promote the project planning construction work is the main purpose of this research.Research conclusions:(1)Based on the analysis of the functional requirements and regional natural characteristics of the project,the key and difficult problems to be solved by this project are put forward,the overall design goals of the Yunnan-Tibet Railway are determined as national defense strategic goals,land development goals,safety and reliability goals,and green and low-carbon goals.(2)Around the four goals,the overall design ideas of the project are formulated,and specific countermeasures are put forward by the geological survey,route selection,engineering design,ecological environmental protection,comprehensive monitoring and so on.(3)In terms of geological survey,it is proposed to adopt the"space-air-ground"multi-source comprehensive geological survey technology system to identify engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions,evaluate the potential risks and propose engineering countermeasures.In terms of line selection,it is put forward the principle of station site selection,and the line selection ideas and principles of"going high,going to the side","avoiding fractures and selecting hard rock",and put forward recommendations for comprehensive corridors,the route direction plan,three parallel rivers area and the route selection plan of Jinsha River bridge.In terms of bridge engineering,it is proposed to use long-span suspension bridge and arch bridge to adapt to the terrain and improve the freedom of line selection.In terms of tunnel engineering,countermeasures are proposed in the aspects of large deformation of soft rock,hard rock burst,anti-seismic design,karst and groundwater treatment,and poor gravity geology of the tunnel entrance for long and deep tunnels.In terms of environmental protection engineering,the principles and countermeasures on waste water,waste slag treatment and ecological restoration are put forward.In terms of comprehensive monitoring,a comprehensive monitoring system in mountainous areas with complex natural environment is proposed,which combines engineering treatment of high and steep slopes,landslides,and debris flows with safety monitoring along railway lines.(4)The research results can provide reference for the design of complex and difficult mountainous railway systems and the research of line schemes.