劳动课程的新方向:贯穿劳动素养培育

New Direction of Labor Curriculum:Running through the Cultivation of Labor Competence

劳动教育在我国国民教育体系中占据着重要地位。新中国成立初期“教育与生产劳动相结合”被纳入教育方针,劳动教育外在价值被重视;新世纪初劳动教育被纳入综合素质培养体系,其内在价值逐渐显现;新时代以来劳动教育被正式列入德智体美劳“五育”体系,其内在价值得到充分认可。随着对劳动教育价值认识的深化,劳动教育经历了生产劳动—劳动技术课—综合实践活动—劳动课程的调整完善历程,并通过制度优化实现了课程形式、内容、评价由技能单向度向劳动素养多维度的转变。贯穿劳动素养培育的劳动课程回应了新时代劳动教育的使命与功能,有助于重塑全社会对劳动、劳动者、劳动教育的观念,推动普职教育协调发展,满足新时代对高素质劳动者的需求。

Labor education has taken a major position in China′s national education system.In the early days of the founding of the People′s Republic of China,the integration of education and productive labor was included in the education policy,and the external value of labor education has been highly valued.In the beginning of 21th century,labor education was included in the comprehensive quality training system.Entering the new era,labor education has been officially included in the moral,intellectual,physical,aesthetic,and labor"five domains of education"system,whose internal value has been fully recognized.As we deepen the understanding on its value,labor education has undergone a transition from production and labor work to labor technology courses,comprehensive practical activities,and labor curriculum,and has refined through system improvement to realize a transition from one-way skill to a multi-dimensional labor competence in its forms,contents and evaluations.The labor curriculum that runs through the cultivation of labor competence responds to the mission and function of labor education in the new era,which helps to reshape the entire society′s concept of labor,workers,and labor education,promotes the coordinated development of general vocational education,and meets the needs of high-quality workers in the new era.