3~35岁人群近距隐斜视与屈光不正的相关性研究

The correlation between near heterophoria and ametropia population aged 3 to 35 years

目的探讨3~35岁人群近距隐斜视患病率及其与屈光不正的相关性。方法横断面研究。纳入2018年8月至2022年12月就诊于川北医学院附属医院的3~35岁屈光不正者,以三棱镜遮盖法测量近距隐斜视度,并计算近距隐斜视发生率。分析近距隐斜视度与年龄、屈光参差、等效球镜度、球镜度、散光度及散光轴向之间的相关性。结果共纳入受检者477例,近距水平隐斜视发生率为81.55%(389/477),其中外隐斜视占62.26%(297/477),范围为-1^(△)~-32^(△);内隐斜视占19.29%(92/477),范围+1^(△)~+14^(△)。Spearman相关性分析发现,近距隐斜视度与年龄呈正相关(r_(s)=0.26,P<0.001),与屈光参差呈负相关(r_(s)=-0.14,P=0.003),与左眼等效球镜度(r_(s)=-0.19,P<0.001)和右眼等效球镜度(r_(s)=-0.15,P<0.001)呈负相关,与左眼球镜度(r_(s)=-0.19,P<0.001)和右眼(r_(s)=-0.15,P=0.002)球镜度呈负相关,与左眼散光轴向呈负相关(r_(s)=-0.15,P=0.026),与右眼散光轴向(r_(s)=-0.02,P=0.722)、左眼散光度(r_(s)=0.11,P=0.107)、右眼散光度(r_(s)=0.06,P=0.386)均无明显相关性。结论3~35岁屈光不正人群中近距隐斜视较为普遍,且以外隐斜视为主。近距隐斜视度与年龄、屈光参差、等效球镜度、球镜度、左眼散光轴向相关,但与散光度、右眼散光轴向无相关性。

Objective To investigate the correlation between near heterophoria and ametropia population aged 3 to 35 years.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Ametropic patients aged 3 to 35 years in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College were recruited from Aug.2018 to Dec.2022.Near heterophoria was measured with the prism alternating cover test.The incidence of near heterophoria was calculated.The correlations between the magnitude of near heterophoria and age,anisometropia,spherical equivalent,spherical diopter,cylinder diopter and axis were investigated.Results A total of 477 participants were enrolled.The incidence of near heterophoria in the studied sample was 81.55%(389/477),of which 62.26%(297/477)were exophoria,with a range from-1^(△)to-32^(△);and 19.29%(92/477)were esophoria,with a range from+1^(△)to+14^(△).The magnitude of near heterophoria was positively correlated with age(r_(s)=0.26,P<0.001),and negatively correlated with anisometropia(r_(s)=-0.14,P=0.003),spherical equivalent of left eyes(r_(s)=-0.19,P<0.001)and right eyes(r_(s)=-0.15,P<0.001),spherical diopter of left eyes(r_(s)=-0.19,P<0.001)and right eyes(r_(s)=-0.15,P=0.002),and astigmatic axis of left eyes(r_(s)=-0.15,P=0.026).No significant correlations between magnitude of near heterophoria and astigmatic axis of right eyes(r_(s)=-0.02,P=0.722),and cylinder diopter of left eyes(r_(s)=0.11,P=0.107)and right eyes(r_(s)=0.06,P=0.386)were detected.Conclusion Near heterophoria,especially exophoria,is prevalent in ametropes aged 3 to 35 years.Near heterophoria is associated with age,anisometropia,bilateral spherical equivalent and spherical diopter,and astigmatic axis of left eyes.No correlations are shown with bilateral cylinder,and astigmatic axis of right eyes.